You can do arduino style loop control programs on both Rpi and BBB, which is fine in general. But both are also actual computers, and you could instead split the programs into individual parts and have them entirely independent of one another, even able to run at the same time. Or have one that controls when the others get called, though linux has a thing that does that by default too. Also both can natively host a real webserver, which i find as an interface much better than a small screen in a cramped location. I have a screen in my pocket all the time anyway, or in front of me as i'm typing now. You can also edit just about everything on them on the fly, whereas an arduino i think needs to be taken down and plugged in to reprogram anything.
I really need to work on my control at some point still, what it can do and what it actually does is still quite far apart, just been lazy as it does the main thing i wanted so well.