Fatty acid biomarkers for some octocorals

Jk5

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19034546

2008 Nov 26.

Fatty Acid Biomarkers of Symbionts and Unusual Inhibition of Tetracosapolyenoic Acid Biosynthesis in Corals (Octocorallia).

Demidkova DA, Dautova TN, Latyshev NA.
Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry, A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo str., 17, 690041, Vladivostok, Russia, andreyimbs@hotmail.com.


Seven zooxanthellae-free species of octocorals (the genera Acanthogorgia, Acabaria, Chironephthya, Echinogorgia, Menella, Ellisella, and Bebryce) and two zooxanthellate octocorals (the genera Paralemnalia and Rumphella) were examined to elucidate their fatty acid (FA) composition. Arachidonic (about 40% of the total FA) and palmitic acids were predominant in all the species studied. Seven furan FA (F-acids) (up to 9.7%) were identified in the azooxanthellate octocorals. The main F-acids were 14,17-epoxy-15-methyldocosa-14,16-dienoic and 14,17-epoxy-15,16-dimethyldocosa-14,16-dienoic acids. In all specimens of Bebryce studeri, C(25-28) demospongic FA (about 20%) were identified. These FA reflect the presence of a symbiotic sponge in B. studeri and can be used as the specific markers for other corals. A significant difference (P < 0.01) between azooxanthellate and zooxanthellate corals was found for odd-chain and methyl-branched saturated FA, 18:1n-7, and 7-Me-16:1n-10; that indicated the presence of an advanced bacterial community in azooxanthellate corals. The zooxanthellate species were distinguished by significant amounts of 18:3n-6, 18:4n-3, and 16:2n-7 acids, which are proposed as the markers of zooxanthellae in soft corals. Contrary to the normal level of 24:5n-6 (9.4%) and 22:4n-6 (0.6%), unexpected low concentrations of 24:5n-6 (0.4%) accompanied by a high content of 22:4n-6 (up to 11.9%) were detected in some specimens. The presence of an unknown factor in octocorals, specific for n-6 PUFA, which inhibited elongation of 22:4n-6 to 24:4n-6, is conjectured.


any biochemist can translate us what are eating these azoo octocorals?
 
I do not believe this article is demonstrating a specific predator on the octocoral from reading the abstract.
 
I believe he is asking, "what are these fatty acids that are being comsumed by the corals." Maybe he wants to buy some of these fatty acids? The Scientific names are not much help if you want to buy them. :)
 
<a href=showthread.php?s=&postid=14029608#post14029608 target=_blank>Originally posted</a> by HighlandReefer
I believe he is asking, "what are these fatty acids that are being comsumed by the corals." Maybe he wants to buy some of these fatty acids? The Scientific names are not much help if you want to buy them. :)

Ahhh... That makes sense. They are all specific fatty acids though. And I don't know if FAs have been shown to be readily uptaken like amino acids. Another question I would ask is since they are showing the high level FAs what are the essential low level FAs?

I'm still worked up by the other thread with the blatant personal attacks without support for his argument.
 
Thank you, Genetics and HiglandReefer...

I must be wrong...
I understood in the next link, that russians identify bacteria preying througt Fas in dendronephthya.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...serid=10&md5=cf22cb5359888f45bc59c2cfab9379b6



Comparison of fatty acid compositions of azooxanthellate Dendronephthya and zooxanthellate soft coral species


Andrey B. Imbs, a, , Nikolay A. Latysheva, Natalia V. Zhukovaa and Tatyana N. Dautovaa

aZhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russian Federation


Received 17 April 2007; revised 29 June 2007; accepted 29 June 2007. Available online 5 July 2007.

Abstract
Ten zooxanthellae-free Dendronephthya species , twelve zooxanthellate soft coral species of the genera Sarcophyton, Lobophytum, Cladiella, Lytophyton, Cespitularia, and Clavularia, and the hermatypic coral Caulastrea tumida were examined for the first time to elucidate the fatty acid (FA) composition of total lipids. In Dendronephthya species, the main FAs were 20:4n-6, 24:5n-6, 16:0, 18:0, 7-Me-16:1n-10, and 24:6n-3 which amounted on the average to 26.0, 12.7, 12.1, 6.0, 4.8, and 4.0% of the total FA contents, respectively. For zooxanthellate soft corals, the main FAs were 16:0 (25.7%), 20:4n-6 (18.2%), 24:5n-6 (6.2%), and 18:4n-3 (5.6%), as well as 16:2n-7, which amounted up to 11.8% in Sarcophyton aff. crassum. Corals with zooxanthellae had low contents of 24:6n-3. The significant difference (p < 0.01) between azooxanthellate and zooxanthellate soft corals was indicated only for 12 of 46 FAs determined. The principal components analysis confirmed that 7-Me-16:1n-10, 17:0, 18:4n-3, 18:1n-7, 20:4n-6, 22:5n-6, 24:5n-6, and 24:6n-3 are useful for chemotaxonomy of Dendronephthya. The azooxanthellate soft corals studied were distinguished by the absence of significant depth-dependent and species-specific variations of FA composition, low content of 16:2n-7, an increased proportion of bacterial FAs, predominance of n-6 FAs connected with active preying, and a high ability for biosynthesis of tetracosapolyenoic FAs.
 
Where it talks about active preying, I believe the authors are talking about the azooxanthellate soft coral species feeding. Not the reverse. This article is focused on FA composition and variation within species of Dendronephthya.
 
Re: Fatty acid biomarkers for some octocorals

I think what this article is saying that if you analyze the fatty acid content in some of these corals, you may learn something about what types of symbiotic zooxanthellae or other symbiotic microorganisms are present. The idea is that different symbiotic microorganisms produce slightly different fatty acids that are provided to the coral, and the presence or absence of certain fatty acids may tell you something about the symbiotes that cohabitate with the coral. Also, fatty acids are definitely taken in by cells.



<a href=showthread.php?s=&postid=14029254#post14029254 target=_blank>Originally posted</a> by Jk5
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19034546

2008 Nov 26.

Fatty Acid Biomarkers of Symbionts and Unusual Inhibition of Tetracosapolyenoic Acid Biosynthesis in Corals (Octocorallia).

Demidkova DA, Dautova TN, Latyshev NA.
Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry, A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo str., 17, 690041, Vladivostok, Russia, andreyimbs@hotmail.com.


Seven zooxanthellae-free species of octocorals (the genera Acanthogorgia, Acabaria, Chironephthya, Echinogorgia, Menella, Ellisella, and Bebryce) and two zooxanthellate octocorals (the genera Paralemnalia and Rumphella) were examined to elucidate their fatty acid (FA) composition. Arachidonic (about 40% of the total FA) and palmitic acids were predominant in all the species studied. Seven furan FA (F-acids) (up to 9.7%) were identified in the azooxanthellate octocorals. The main F-acids were 14,17-epoxy-15-methyldocosa-14,16-dienoic and 14,17-epoxy-15,16-dimethyldocosa-14,16-dienoic acids. In all specimens of Bebryce studeri, C(25-28) demospongic FA (about 20%) were identified. These FA reflect the presence of a symbiotic sponge in B. studeri and can be used as the specific markers for other corals. A significant difference (P < 0.01) between azooxanthellate and zooxanthellate corals was found for odd-chain and methyl-branched saturated FA, 18:1n-7, and 7-Me-16:1n-10; that indicated the presence of an advanced bacterial community in azooxanthellate corals. The zooxanthellate species were distinguished by significant amounts of 18:3n-6, 18:4n-3, and 16:2n-7 acids, which are proposed as the markers of zooxanthellae in soft corals. Contrary to the normal level of 24:5n-6 (9.4%) and 22:4n-6 (0.6%), unexpected low concentrations of 24:5n-6 (0.4%) accompanied by a high content of 22:4n-6 (up to 11.9%) were detected in some specimens. The presence of an unknown factor in octocorals, specific for n-6 PUFA, which inhibited elongation of 22:4n-6 to 24:4n-6, is conjectured.


any biochemist can translate us what are eating these azoo octocorals?
 
Re: Re: Fatty acid biomarkers for some octocorals

Re: Re: Fatty acid biomarkers for some octocorals

<a href=showthread.php?s=&postid=14042457#post14042457 target=_blank>Originally posted</a> by toaster77
Also, fatty acids are definitely taken in by cells.

:D I learned something today. Actually, the more I think about it, the more that makes sense. Figuring every mammal utilizes FA uptake, it would make sense that bacterium and corals can do it too.
 
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