the numbers are Kelvin values, I believe, and refer to the color temperature of the bulb. 6,000 and 6,500 are a yellowish color, 10,000 tends to be white or white with a touch of yellow, 14,000 tends to be white with a touch of blue, and 20,000 is blue-white.
The lower Kelvin bulbs generally give you better growth, but not as much coral fluourescence ("pop"), and the higher Kelvin bulbs generally give better color but not as quick growth. Some people step up a wattage size when running 20K bulbs.
every bulb is different, though, and you should investigate the specific bulb you are interested in.