Yeah. The trifecta of iso, shutter speed , and aperture. Once you figure out how thew work together it will all come together. Ot seems like a lot but its really not, it's a big give and take. And the less light you have to work with the more you have to sacrafice.
Higher iso the grainier your shots will be, but the less light you need for your exposure. The less light you have the larger the aperature(smaller the number the larger the shutter opens)you will need to get more light but you sacrafice depth of field (though big enough aperture=bokeh, sweet subject separation). And of course shutter speed. The less light you have, the slower or longer the shutter needs to stay open to collect what light is available. And once you get below 1/80th of a second hand held shots are likely to get blury.
And as for white balance.... yeah shooting out side of the human eyes color capabilities, well those that making digital camera sensors don't seemkto see as a high priority.
Ill see if I can locate a decent link to a basic explanation on this subject.
Oh and one other question, do you know how to use your light meter in you view finder?