What is Going on? Trying to be specific this time

Most of the obvious things have been stated. You need to be testing for nitrites also as this is intermediate between ammonia and nitrates. Once you have both no ammonia and no nitrites, only then is the cycle is complete. As stated, the bacteria levels will build up as your bioload builds, so adding fish slowly is key, one at a time. The starry blenny is a hardy fish if you want to add it as your first fish. With a 40 gallon tank you should be good with water changes only, say 10 gallons a week (25%). Try to keep things simple and you will enjoy your tank more.
 
No nitrites either.

To me, it doesn't seem like I'd have overloaded the system when I only replaced what had been in there a week prior. Apparently I'm wrong though because something sure wiped them out in a hurry.

It's been a week, do you think I could add 1 fish today or tomorrow?

My firefish and hi-finned red banded goby are doing fine. I've been seeing my cute tiger pistol out a lot and he's been keeping me entertained. My corals are looking good and I'm not getting any ammonia/nitrite and nitrates are around 5, which is normal for my tank.
 
When my aquarium went through a mini cycle,due to my error,I found it took a week for the nitrite to spike @5ppm. And then diminish to zero. So test all your parameters again tommorrow ,now a week has gone by.If everything is the same readings as today,then your cycle is complete.Contiue to monitor your parameters regularly(2 or 3 times a week for a while to avoid the possibility of a crash,then,less often,after everything is established).
Now if your sure nothing else isn't a culprit,for the demise of those fish that have passed on,I can assure you that if you always purchase your stock from the same LFS,once in a while,your purchases will for unknown reasons die.It may have nothing to do with your abilities.It could be related to several things out of your control,that those fish you purchased are destined to die.It could be how the fish were treated a month earlier in shipping,or maybe it was poisoned with aersinic when captured from the ocean.Sometimes you never know the answer.
Before you decide to buy another fish ,also ensure they are compatible with one another.IMO,you are probably ready to try one fish to start.Try pick a hardy community fish ,and see how it does for several weeks before you decide if you want any new additions.The lower the bio load,the easier it is to maintain your parameters.BTW,I have a spare Starry blenny in my refugium,you can have.Unexplained fish deaths (and this explains why my spare Starry blenny is in the refugium...)are sometimes a result of some fish fighting other fish resembling their own image,and or for territory.My two blennies needed to be separated because(as cute as they are) they are ruthless little killers to one another in the same aquarium.Even in my 220 gallon display tank.
 
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