The way this was explained to me was that this is really dependent on bubble size, with the super fine bubbles of a needlewheel the organics basically stick and if your column is too high, think of a bunch of weak magnets and they start passing the organic particles around and at the end, some fall off, so the best is a short tube right into the cup, wide and short to maximize contact with very fine bubbles and less chance they fall off back into the water. Also, that Sedra as a water pump did 900 gph, it probably did more like 500 gph water and 300 gph air, the small mixing chambers never could take in much air back then, the high end was around 450.