very simply stated - an external pump that does not run through your sump. there are endless ways to plum it - over the back with no holes is my way (less holes in the tank = less leakage) so - a suction from the tank, typically a submerged pipe with holes drilled, or some sort of cage or mess so you dont get snails or fish sucked in, and then returns to the tank - here is the endless part - how you choose to place the returns i.e. on the top, on the bottom, behind the rock.... great flow - little hassle. I use a dolphin 3600 with an OM 4 way