LED Retrofit for 24G Nano

Runner

Active member
As some of you know, I have been retrofitting my JBJ Lighting 24G Nano hood with LEDs. This is basically what I've done. I consider this a "dry run" or "outline" of what I will post in the DIY forum once I've completed a functional hood.

The basic LED fixture is a 6" x 9" aluminum heat sink with Cree 3W XP-G White and XR-E Royal Blue LEDs mounted on it. I drilled and and tapped for 4-40 screws and used nylon screws to attached the LEDS. To increase heat transfer, I applied Arctic Silver thermal paste between the star boards and the heatsink.
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I think used 26 AWG stranded UL1007 wire (rated at 105C) to connect a string of 6 white and 6 blue LEDs. I pre-tinned the wires to keep the "touch-time" down between my butane soldering iron and the LED star board pads. I went on to connect the other 4 blue LEDs on another circuit. (Note that the thing that looks like a spider, below, was a dead LED that I used to practice soldering before I did the work on the real thing)
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After getting a loan light for my tank (thanks, Spencer), I gutted the PC fixtures out of my hood and measured off the correct dimensions for my acrylic cover. I did not span the entire width of the hood because I wanted to bypass the existing air-intake vents. I intend to cut new vents directly over the heatsink fins.
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I used a table saw armed with a plastic-cutting blade to cut the face plate and the side panels. I buffed out the scratches on the main cover facing (thanks to Mark at Aquatic Marine for the help there) and then taped everything into roughly the proper shape (with some overhang).
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After leaching in the Weld On 4 into the cracks of the plastic, I applied pressure with the largest books I had available. I am not sure Wayne Grudem would approve...
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After welding the acrylic together, I protected the cover plate with painting tape and used a router to trim off the excess. I then used a piece of paper to trace out the rough shape of the hood profile. I transfered this to a piece of wood that was roughly the width of the acrylic and routed it into the approximate shape needed to fit in the hood. After I was satisfied with the fit, I transfered the shape to the plastic and routed it using the wood as a guide as much as possible.
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After routing both sides, I used a table saw to cut the front and back sides down to the proper height. My intent is a 3/8" overhang below the hood -- which gives me about 1/4" to 1/2" clearance over the water. I used the table saw to cut out holes for the fans and cables after marking the proper locations. The end result fit snug enough that I am not worried about the effect of the air leaks.
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So this is where the design stands:
09272010+24G_LED_Retro_+09.jpg

To complete the fixture, I will buy some screws and spacers to mount the heatsink to the cover and the cover to the fixture. I will also pick up a couple of fuse holders and wire up the power supplies. Then I am done (except for tweaking the lighting levels if I have too much PAR to start with -- a problem I hope to have ).
 
Pretty slick! No half-assing on this I see. I may be interested in doing something like this in the future for a small frag tank. I assume you're going to put up pics in action, can't wait to see them.
 
I'll add up all the costs in detail for my formal thread in the DIY forum (if I make one), but here is a brief summary.

The fans and power supply and wiring harness cost me around $35. I could have avoided this cost if my old fans were not fried, but I have better airflow now anyway. The 16 LEDs and two drivers cost around $120. The drivers were around $40. The thermal paste around $8. The hardware around $15, but I have a lot of extra left over. Wasted drills and taps around $20. Special order spool of wire was $12. Solder was $6. Heat sink was about $20 with shipping. The acrylic was a gift and I already had the solvent and glue. I wasted about $25 trying to fabricate my own custom heat sink and had to trash it. If I had to do it over again, I could probably get it done quicker and for about $200 for just an LED pendant fixture -- retrofitting into the hood took more time and planning and $$$.

My sources for most of the LED stuff was www.rapidled.com
I got the fasteners locally from Fastenal factory story and mail order on Amazon. Wire and thermal paste was from Amazon, too.
 
Everything is ready to assemble, yet I had to special order some #4 sheet metal screws to attach everything under the hood. Getting frustrated with how long this is taking.
 
I don't envy the amount of time you've invested one little bit, I just installed a 4-bulb T5HO Icecap retro kit into my canopy alongside 2 bulbs/ballast I took out of my Nova Extreme fixture. Total time involved (including prep and cleanup) start to finish: 1 hour and 15 minutes.

Although, my this looks much nicer/cleaner than my install. I'm sure it will blow my PAR values out of the water as well. :thumbsup:
 
I finally put some more time in. I couldn't find 2-1/4" #4 sheet metal screws and therefore could not support the acrylic cover like I intended. So I welded (#4) and cemented (#15) feet to three locations and put strategic screw holes where I needed them. This allows me to use 1/2" #4 screws. I could only do three feet because the 4th location has a missing screw hole. This will be better because I have backup support to keep the LED out of the water should the screw anchors on the heat sink give out in the future.
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I put holes for screws wherever I could and secured the heatsink inside the hood. I then tidied up the wiring some. I still need to do something about the strain relief for the cables, but I'll worry about that after I get it functional...
10052010+24G_LED_Retro_+12.jpg

Here is the final wiring as I left off around midnight last night. I was trying to fit it all into a junction box I already had. It turns out it is going to be a pain to fit everything in and I don't want to go with solder and wire nuts given that I'll need to adjust things in the future.
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So status as of today: I tink I need a beeger box. I am not happy with the wiring and would love to at least put the smaller driver inside a UL listed box because the wiring is not to code for exposed usage. So off to the supply store to get a 12" x 12" PVC (or some other plastic) junction box or control panel -- which will set me back about $30 I did not intend to spend (but will make for some pretty cool photos and might have enough room to stuff in the PLC I want to add).
 
This has got to be the longest DIY build ever. My ability to procrastinate only gets better tomorrow. ;) I decided to go larger on the box, but stopped short of shelling out $80 for a true control panel. I put in my two constant current drivers and a bunch of old terminal blocks and switches and strain reliefs I've had laying around. The 120 VAC stuff is on the left and the low-voltage stuff is on the right. I just need to finish off the low voltage connections to the hood (tonight!) and then fire the thing off. There are some other details I need to finish -- like routing the lens corners and putting some paint on the front of the lens so I don't blind myself with LEDs every time I feed the fish -- but I'll get to those, um... er... tomorrow. ;)

ControlPanel1.jpg


ControlPanel2.jpg
 
Finally finished with the light. That took longer than I expected.

Here I am setting up to calibrate the current loop to be as close to 1mA as I can get them:
Current_Driver_Cal_1.jpg

Adjusting the current driver pot:
Current_Driver_Cal_2.jpg

As you can see, I got fairly close. Over 1mA will burn out my XR-E royal blue LEDS:
Current_Driver_Cal_3.jpg

I cut holes over the heat sink for ventilation:
Ventilation.jpg

Here is the (mostly) final product. I had to go back and add through-the-hood screws to hold the acrylic cover because the plastic posts in the hood were cracking:
Hood_Final.jpg

Electrical installation in my stand:
Electrical_Under_Stand.jpg

Here is the tank with all lights:
LED_All_Lights.jpg

...and only blue lights:
LED_Blue_Only.jpg


I no longer have the PAR meter, so I can't check the values. I'll get it back sometime soon (hopefully) and get a good comparison.
 
Crud. Too much light in the back wall now -- mushrooms are shriveling. And the Duncan in the front that grew from 1 head to like 6 full and 4 small heads in 6 months is not fully opening -- lower light must be fooling it. I may have to move it. It doesn't help that I had to put this thing like 3" further back in the hood than the old PCs were situated.
 
Wow! Very nice. Do you think putting some sort of screen under the lights to reduce intensity to allow them to acclimate to the new found brightness would help? I bleached out all my corals when I first put the LEDs on the 34g, but they got over it fairly quickly and colors came back better than ever.
 
I can dial the intensity down at the drive if I want to. I am not worried about bleaching, though. They are mushrooms and they'll "run" first. In fact, several have already let go in hopes of floating to a better place. I've even helped a few. But if anybody ever wanted a purple mushroom, now is the time (while they are easy to harvest).

I'll have to borrow back the PAR meter back to check it out -- I shouldn't have dropped it off yesterday morning. Perhaps at the meeting I can get it, run home and check, then bring it back (seeing as how I am about a mile from AM).
 
The corals have settled down, but I think it is because the light faded somewhat over the last few days. I took the battery out of the dimmer control circuit and it had drained from 9.4V down to 7.7V -- in just 6 days. This had dimmed my lights by almost 20%. I wired in a wire-wart to put out 9.4 V (on the 7.5V setting - go figure) and the intesity went back up. I also pulled stuff out of the back and moved my main rock back to put the corals back under the intense part of the light. After all the trauma and light variations I may lose an item or two, but I am happy with the overall effect. Still no PAR numbers, but I'll fix that as soon as I can.
 
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BTW, if anybody would like some assistance or help in making their own DIY LED fixture or retrofit, I can lend a hand (or at least advice). This is fairly easy after you know what you are doing. I also have an extra heatsink, wire, nylon mounting screws, thermal grease, switches, terminations, and etc. to use for trade or a fair price (better than buying large quantities new, anyway).
 
You are not going to believe this. Here are the PAR readings in the tank under 2x36W PC bulbs:
Nano_24G_SEP_10_2010_Small.jpg


Even with a 4x T5 fixture, I was only getting 50% more PAR than this...

...but here are the PAR readings under my 16 x 3W Cree LEDs:
LED_PAR_Readings.jpg


I had to move the light further back, so I have very high PAR readings towards the back, but even in my "dim" area in the front and on the upper-rock at the sides I am getting the highest readings I got with my PC bulbs. I measure 2" below water in the center of this fixture and I am getting 1110 PAR. Good grief. I see now how these fixtures can grow about anything. And mine only has 48W of energy that is being exhausted out the back by a fan across a heat-sink -- no radiant energy from LEDs. This is better than I thought it would be. :)
 
Most of the darkening is because the fixture is towards the back and my lower readings are in the front and not directly under the fixture. The LEDs put a lot of light staight down but not as much to the sides. I think mine have natural 95 or 80 degree optics -- which means light only goes 47.5 or 40 degrees out from perpendicular. So I get a hot spot under the fixture and rapidly decreasing values the farther away from the center. I knew this would happen, though. I could have made the light more uniform in my little tank by getting a wider heatsink and spacing my LEDs out across the entire area, but I did not mind the "hot spot" because my rockwork is just a big block right under the light. If I was to do a 75G or 4' long tank, I'd try to put three rows of LEDs across the entire tank rather than making two spot lights, so to speak.

The LED intensity does seem to drop off quickly at depth, too. If I wanted the light say, 24" down, to have the 300 PAR, I'd have to get 40 degree optics and put the LEDs closer together.

My only regret at this point is that my monti cap is only getting 120 PAR and I can't really move it back. It doesn't seems so happy at the moment. It was getting 200 PAR under the PC lighting and was fulling extending and growing.
 
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