Red slime algae outbreak

Kamel

New member
I've really done my research as much as I can, and it's only in desperation I reach out to you guys for help. I suppose the problem is, there are numerous things which could be causing this, and I'd like your help in narrowing it down. I'm a newbie so please consider this when responding and reading my possibly uninformed analysis of the situation.

I've got a 55gal tank w/ 20gal sump. It's only been cycled for a little over 2 months now, so it is new (possibly the only reason is how new it is?). I made a mistake when setting it up which could also be the cause, according to how I understand what I've read.

I got a 40lb bag of argalive "live sand", it was completely dry. I knew to rinse the sand, but it said it was live sand so I didn't. I later realized being dry it was more than likely actually more like base rock, not actually alive. I got a very thick white coating on the glass while cycling, which settled in layers. Once that was finished, I was told by my LFS it was the sand I used, just scrape it off. I did my best to do as follows, but to this day there are still some spots that I was unable to get to visible. I later learned that many sands will have a high volume of silicates in them if you don't rinse them, and this is what cyano uses for its skeletal structure.

I also received about 50lbs of live rock from a friend with a long established aquarium (5yrs+, the age of each piece probably varies). This was wonderful, and basically kept me from having to cycle along with some coraline algae and free hitch hiking corals (and some other things hitch hiking that wasn't so nice) etc so was very excited about that. After learning everything I've learned about the saltwater hobby, I then found out that some people run salt water aquariums in very creative and interesting ways which include not changing water etc. I discovered my friend who gave me this live rock unfortunately fell into that category. I now am not sure if there may be embedded nitrates and phosphates in the rock that are being slowly leached into the tank and the red slime algae are getting to them first, before my chaeto and making my tests read 0 on nitrates and phosphates.

Finally, it's come to my attention that flow could be the culprit. I have what I think is middle of the line here but perhaps I'm way off base. I've got the sump return which is putting out about 300gph (some people advise this isn't considered with tank flow, is this true?), and I've got a 650gph hydor koralia, that's all. Is this insufficient flow?

I have been doing increased water changes. I try to do 10%/wk for standard maintenance, but lately have been doing larger, 20-40% each week to try and keep my nitrates as low as possible.

Of all of these things, which do you think it could be? Further, do you have any suggestions on how to get it to go away? I've done major tank cleanings and even taken out each rock and scrubbed it in a bucket of salt water etc only to have the red slime come back in about 3 days time. Here's a basic rundown of my tank and params etc.


55gal DT (standard dimensions, 4ft wide)
20gal sump, only 9" water line
aquatic life T5 fixture, replaced 1 actinic with a coral growth accelerator bulb from wavepoint (bulb was replaced after the algae problem)
chaeto algae on reverse light cycle (doesn't seem to be growing nearly as quick as the red slime algae =\)
coralife 65 protein skimmer
berlin sock
koralia hydor powerhead, 650gph
60lbs live rock

aquafx ro/di system, new filters and DI but membrane may need replacing, tests at 2TDI
coralife salt mix

3 fish, a false perc clown pair and a 6 line wrasse
many corals, mostly blastos a couple of acans and a frogspawn and starpolyps (i didn't intend on adding them this soon but won them unexpectedly)
2 emerald crabs, 3 hermit crabs, 4 nassarius snails, 2 mexican turbo snails

0-0.25ppm nitrates
0 phosphates (had LFS test to verify)
1.026 SG (also had LFS test to verify)
ph 7.8-7.9
alk roughly 2.0, hard to tell with test kit, just below the middle of the "normal" range on my test kit
 
It is normal in tanks as new as yours and should go away with time. If your alk is 2.0 dkh it is too low it should be around 8dkh. Also adding another powerhead for more flow may help.
 
I agree on the dkh and another powerhead. I include sump return in my turnover rate not sure if your supposed to or not. Your nitrates don't seem to be out of control maybe your r/o is contributing if your membrane needs changing. I would lay off doing large water changes for a while. See what happens. My best guess anyway good luck.
 
It is normal in tanks as new as yours and should go away with time. If your alk is 2.0 dkh it is too low it should be around 8dkh. Also adding another powerhead for more flow may help.

probably 2.0 meq/L, not dKH. Still low though. Try to get it to between 2.5 and 4.0 meq/L. If you want to get dKH, multiply by 2.8. So it is currently 5.6 dKH.

edit: just wanted to add that I don't see Ca and Mg readings. Do you have those?
 
alk has nothing to do with red slime...

Just give your tank time

Agreed, but the OP has corals so the alk is still low. It is possible that proper Alk and Ca will allow better coralline growth to compete with the cyano, but really it is just about time like mentioned above.
 
The highest my test kit goes (red sea) is 2.9-3.6 which it lists as "high". The top of the card says "Alkalinity - Milli equaivalents per liter" (spelled wrong too lmao). Maybe this is a different scale than the dkh you refer to. According to the instructions, it says that NSW has 2.5 mili equivalents per liter (spelled right in the instructions haha).

I realized that I also had a dkh test kit from API, so went ahead and did it. It turned out to be 8 exactly (though I noticed a bit of a color change at 7, so maybe somewhere between 7 and 8).
 
TY for your responses so far. I have had this red slime algae to some degree or another for a little over 3 weeks now. How long does it normally take to run its course?
 
Well, you can trey special blend. I personally have not tried it (have some on the way) but it should help you regardless with your tank being so new. From the research I have done it works pretty well for people.
 
Don't have a test for magnesium unfortunately. The last reading I got of the calcium was 480, that was a little bit ago but the calcium test takes a bit and it's a little late for me to do it right now.
 
Regarding your extensive background which is helpful. You mentioned live sand that was dry? Many people on here debate of bagged live sand is really worth the money due to the likelihood of it still being alive after months or years on a shelf. But considering it was dry, I doubt it had any life. Also you mentioned adding live rock meant you didn't have to cycle, not true. If you started with live rock, established sand and established water you may have avoided a cycle, or shortened it. Live rock alone will not skip a cycle. The average cycle is about 6-8 weeks.

When I cycled my 125gal I didn't add anything for 2 months. I got a large diatom outbreak, then a cycano outbreak that finished it off. Both lasted about a week each. I syphoned as much out as I could and only topped of the water with new saltwater when needed. I was under the impression water changes during the cycle would keep the cycle going much longer.

As others mentioned your alk should be around 8-9 dkh. You should raise it to that level very slowly. Make sure your calcium and mag are inline as well.

There are methods to kill off the cyano or reduce it by keeping the lights out or reducing the length of time they are on. Your could also run gfo in a reactor to reduce the phosphates. Water changes will reduce them if your incoming water quality is good (0 or 1 tds, have fish store check this or buy a tds meter on eBay for $10). I would avoid so many water changes this early though, just my opinion. If you have older lights they could contribute (bulbs needs replaced every 6-9 months depending on use).

I wouldn't sweat this Cyanobacteria outbreak though, unless it starts running longer than a week or week and a half. I suspect it's the end of your cycle, and adding the fish and several corals that quick probably didn't help. Siphon what you can and reduce the lighting period is what I would do for now. Good luck, cyano looks ugly and is discouraging early on, you will beat it.
 
Don't have a test for magnesium unfortunately. The last reading I got of the calcium was 480, that was a little bit ago but the calcium test takes a bit and it's a little late for me to do it right now.

The tests were more for the benefit of understanding your tank and for the benefit of your corals anyway. The cyano will pass in time. Just suck it out with water changes.

FWIW, I would trust the API over the red sea (which does read in meq/L as suspected).
 
All you can do is out compete the bad (cyano) bacteria with beneficial bacteria, and reduced light schedule. I have never had success with reduced feedings, or phosban reactors.

I recommend 2 days lights out to kill it all, then a nice waterchange, and be vigilant with removing ALL the cyano you can from the tank just before ights out at night. Slowly, but surely it will all die.

Also, increased flow will help a ton!

Again, your tank is new, and I wouldn't sweat it too much.
 
Also you mentioned adding live rock meant you didn't have to cycle, not true. If you started with live rock, established sand and established water you may have avoided a cycle, or shortened it. Live rock alone will not skip a cycle. The average cycle is about 6-8 weeks.

Sorry, didn't mean for it to come out that way. I knew about this, and also am aware of the settling time after the cycle completes where different colonies of bacteria grow and die off keeping some parameters instable (if I've understood this correctly, there's an awful lot of bad information out there). I first did 10lbs of live rock and 60lbs of live sand. I used this for about the first 3 weeks, then added the 50lbs of live rock from my friend's aquarium. About 2 weeks after that, I did a full line of tests and all showed good, as in 0 ammonia 0 nitrites 20 nitrates. I was a little wary of my test kit so went ahead and had my LFS test for ammonia, he confirmed 0 ammonia but did not have him do the other tests.

When I cycled my 125gal I didn't add anything for 2 months. I got a large diatom outbreak, then a cycano outbreak that finished it off. Both lasted about a week each. I syphoned as much out as I could and only topped of the water with new saltwater when needed. I was under the impression water changes during the cycle would keep the cycle going much longer.

I did get a brown diatom bloom, but it was pretty minor and my snails pretty much kept it under control. Once it was over, this one started within 1 week. As I said on this one though, it's been about 3 weeks and still there. It doesn't appear to be at its peak any longer, so hopefully waiting is all I'll need to do.

There are methods to kill off the cyano or reduce it by keeping the lights out or reducing the length of time they are on. Your could also run gfo in a reactor to reduce the phosphates. Water changes will reduce them if your incoming water quality is good (0 or 1 tds, have fish store check this or buy a tds meter on eBay for $10). I would avoid so many water changes this early though, just my opinion. If you have older lights they could contribute (bulbs needs replaced every 6-9 months depending on use).

I have my current light cycle to 8 hours per day full light, then 1 hour of dusk/dawn with a T5 fixture. The fixture and all bulbs are new. I did notice the red slime algae tends to grow in areas of low light. I think I may have included it somewhere in my huge original post (sorry for the size), but I tested my TDS from my RO/DI system to be 2. The guy at my LFS said it could have been the container I was testing it in. I tested it in a cup and it was a higher TDS so I threw out that reading. I tested it in the container I was storing it in and it was 2TDS (aqua-tainer from camping section of walmart)

I wouldn't sweat this Cyanobacteria outbreak though, unless it starts running longer than a week or week and a half. I suspect it's the end of your cycle, and adding the fish and several corals that quick probably didn't help. Siphon what you can and reduce the lighting period is what I would do for now. Good luck, cyano looks ugly and is discouraging early on, you will beat it.

Thanks for the instructions and encouragement. I will say it's been over a week, but maybe it's because I made some mistakes, one of those adding livestock too early. Judging by the diatom outbreak lasting a while (though staying mild), perhaps my cycle is just taking a longer time than usual to complete. Fortunately, everything in my tank seems happy and healthy, just the red slime concerning me.
 
The tests were more for the benefit of understanding your tank and for the benefit of your corals anyway. The cyano will pass in time. Just suck it out with water changes.

FWIW, I would trust the API over the red sea (which does read in meq/L as suspected).

Thanks, it will pass in time seems to be to consensus. I just wanted to be sure, as it has been going on for a while. That said, I did notice a reduction when we scrubbed everything down, so maybe it's on its way out the door. It does come back rather quickly, making everything ugly and discouraging when you just did all that work lol.
 
It looks like you have done your research and double checking everything. I didn't mention it before, but others did, increasing flow may help out. I would siphon out what you can and get and keep levels in check. If it isn't getting better or gone maybe try the lights out method.

On a ro/di topoff water note, I usually keep a 5gal bucket with water and a small pump it in for circulation. Make more as needed. I dry out and wipe down the bucket and pump periodically. Recently I just set the pump out for a few days when I wasn't storing the water. I just put it back in (without cleaning it or wiping down) when I added water again and I just happened to check my tds and it was at 22-24 (normally 0-2). So unkept containers or pumps it seems can taint the water quality rather easily.
 
Blue leg hermits and lots of them IMO. I think your CUC is lacking and blue legs have always made my systems much healthier. I woould suggest 35 - 50. Might want to think about some astrea snails as well.
 
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