You can buy shower pan liner from HD or Lowes, maybe Ace hardware. It is Neoprene or Buna-N rubber. Better compounds are available, but almost anything will do.
Rubber is usually measured in Rockwell or SHORE hardness.
The most common is SHORE and the readings are in a units refered to as DUROMETER. The lower the number the softer the compound. Skateboard wheels range from about 80A-110A in hardness. O-Rings are around 60A-70A All season tires are around 60 and Rubberbands around 30.
You can get sheet goods in just about any hardness. The softer it is the more it will stretch and possibly deform, but will seal with much less pressure. Harder duromater gaskets take more pressure to seal, but are also harder to deform or squeeze out of shape.
I hope this helps.
Bean