Looks like a perfect water level for the skimmer. When its breaking in you should have the valve open all the way. It may take a week or more to fully break in. The cavitation from the return line can be fixed easily like you said. I didn't have that problem with my mag pump cause I used clear vinyl tubing. The overflow does make a slurping noise. You will learn to get used to some noise level when you run any tank with any type of overflow. It will never be completely silent no matter what you do. I haven't tried the HOB silencers, but they should help. I like the idea of macroalgae. I love it. I use halimeda in my sump and display. There are a bunch of "acceptable" macros that can be employed for nutrient control. Chaeto is currently the most common. Here's a pic of my tank before it cracked:
The second pic I got featured in a magazine featuring Halimeda for the month. GFO reactors are the easiest ways to go, but they cost a lot if you have a big tank or run them for a long time. Plus macro is just cool IMO. OK, enough pitching the macro idea. A filter sock can be good but can be bad. They keep your water very clear in the beginning, but without regular washing they clog up quickly. I would suggest using carbon in a reactor for clear water. If you really want to use a filter sock, use a bigger filter size as opposed to a tiny one that would clog up faster. Also get two of them so when one clogs up take it off and wash it in the washing machine while you use the second one. It involves a little too much maintenance for me.
Yeah lets see your display. All these pics of the sump and no display.