There are many factors...most are not fully understood.
Stability is one factor that cannot be overlooked... Alk, Ca, Mg should be the most stable IMO, as should salinity. Temp and pH have a stability range during the 24hr period as well.
PO4, to my knowledge has not been associated with colorization.
Nitrate in low amounts, 0.1 to 3ppm has been reported by several hobbyists to improve color.
Lighting of course is a factor, as without light it's just a dark bucket of water.. Haha... But lighting is a full thread on it's own..