Dealing with nitrates in my wet/dry sump

Lion-o

Member
Hey all,

I have a 300g FOWLR system that I've been battling the nitrates in for a while now. I consistently measure 0 phosphates/nitrites/ammonia, but 40+ nitrates. We do water changes, on average about 25g a week... obviously not enough to fix the nitrate issue.

The tank was purchased used and came with a wet/dry waterfall sump. It is by no means my dream sump as I believe it is undersized for the tank and has limited work space due to the wet/dry design. However, I'm trying to work with what I've inherited.

Due to my very high quality photography, I labeled the sump. It goes as follows :

zone1: waterfall wet/dry box. Currently contains bioballs and marinepure ceramic balls. Topped with a prefilter sponge (changed out weekly) to capture large particles. This and the bubbling in the container prior are the loudest parts of my tank. That salt spray you see i clean off about once a week, I was just lazy prior to taking the picture :facepalm:

Z2: many more marinepure ceramic balls, and our skimmer. I plan to buy a new skimmer when the big sales hit this year, cause they're pricy for a big tank ;)

Z3: just a tiny zone between two baffles. There is a black spongey thing in here aiming to capture bubbles but it doesn't work great.

Z4: Currently in here I just have two heaters and my pump for dual canister media filter.

Z5: return pump
Z6: media filters (currently unplugged because the pump died prior to me checking on it last weekend. Used to run carbon and gfo. Then pulled the gfo because with vodka dosing, was getting 0 phosphates anyway)

As mentioned I am currently vodka dosing and up to 10mL a day as of this weekend. I included a pic of the tank to show off my obvious algae issues (even in the low quality old iphone pic) and the rough amount of live rock. I currently have 4 fish in there, 3 in QT being added soon, and working up to lionfish. So bioload won't be getting any lighter.

Here are my ideas for improving the situation, in no particular order.
1) Continue vodka dosing and buy a new skimmer when I can
2) I already purchased XPORT-NO3 denitrification media (I figured why not... it's cheap). It looks very similar to the marinepure ceramic stuff, so I'm not really sure how it will help. I plan to stick as much as I can in the ol' GFO canister once I get my warrantied pump cover replaced. The rest will go in the sump after the ceramic balls.
3) Get the 8x8x4 marine pure block which advertises denitrification as well. I don't think I realized when I purchased the balls that they were only helpful for nitrification, whereas the block can do both. I could also get the 'rocks' but i think the block option would be fine. I would then stack the balls on top, in the wet dry, or in zone3/4.
4) Clear out Z1. Get a custom filter sock plate apparatus thingy made (similar to the plate holding the socks in this sump http://www.bulkreefsupply.com/emera...sWNS26XTVEeTNBytVbDVfQqtZt2joIwIKYaArTO8P8HAQ ). Idea being I have a lot of 'crud' accumulated in my sump that doesn't seem like a good thing, AND I could maybe cut down on some waterfall noise.
5) Remove the plastic bioballs and just stack all the ceramic balls in Z1. But I'd still have issues of crud accumulating.

After all the research and experience I have, those are the things running through my head. Would love to hear more ideas or feedback from people smarter than me, I know we have a lot of chemists, DIYers, and the like lingering on these boards :)

thanks in advance,
danny
 

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If it was me I would ditch the bio balls and the ceramic media. That might be your nitrate problem right there. If they are being exposed to the air that is no good in saltwater tanks. If you turned it into a refugium and grew macro algae that would help with the nitrates and the algea issue. I had a fowlr tank with the same problemafter adding a refugium my levels always stayed in check. I also used a lot larger skimmer to help remove a lot of the organics. Good luck and hope you get it figured out.
 
If I could easily convert it into a fuge I would, but I'm not really sure how I could do that in this scenario. I think it would have to be pretty macgyvered :)
 
Bio balls are very efficient at breaking down ammonia into NO2, but do nothing for the NO2-NO3 breakdown. You will need anaerobic bacteria for that. I would replace the bio balls with liverock

I had similar issues with FO systems that used bioballs and after I went to a FOWLR system it has been a lot better. Remove the bioballs in the sump and replace them with liverock in either the sump or display tank. If you do this do it slowly ( do 25% and wait 2 weeks and repeat until finished)

Also try removing as much detritus and uneaten food from the DT, this will turn into ammonia if left
 
Replace the wet dry section with a filter sock.How much live rock do you have?That should lower your nitrate level.Reduce feeding to every other day.
 
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