WOW got the results back today!!!! Good and bad news! Looks like the "BUGS" are not the culprit, not having the mouthparts to tear flesh.... Or at least the bugs I got were not. Here are the findings and pictures.
Hello Adrian,
Following our discussion on your issues with Ricordea species corals I analyzed the sediment sample you gave me, which contained one Discosoma species mushroom coral. Below is a brief synopsis of what I found.
There were numerous unidentified "black bugs" in the sample. Microscopic examination of these revealed they contained no visible appendages. Also, it took me four days after getting the sample to have the time to look at it so I suspect these were now dead. There were only a few ciliates in the sample and these were still alive. The "black bugs" were about 0.5 mm long (fig. 1. scale bar = 0.5 mm) and in the image you can see one on the left and a sand grain on the right for reference. These are just visible to the naked eye. At 100x the sample you gave me contained members of the crustacean subclass Ostracoda (Ostracods), see figure 2 and protozoan, see figure 3. The ostracods were very prevalent, 30 to every 1 protozoan. None of the organisms I found were directly attached to the Discosoma sp. you had included with the sample. I can only speculate that possibly the ostracods in the sample may be larval or juvenile specimens of the "black bugs" given at how both were so numerous. But as I mentioned above there were no other details in the black bug specimens except for the dark colored shell. It is also worth noting that the black "shell" had a slight neutral buoyancy which made it distinct from the rest of the sediment in the sample.
So in short there was nothing in the sample to suggest that these organisms are associated with the Ricordea syndrome you observed. The black bugs could be opportunistic or just part of the aquarium population. It can be difficult to separate naturally occurring flora and fauna populations in the aquarium from those that are introduced, predatory or detrimental. Perhaps the next step is to take a closer look at some Ricordea specimens and try to determine if there is a specific organism that can be attributed as the causal agent.
As we discussed, I would suggest a systematic approach to diagnosing this problem. Collect a sample of a "healthy" Ricordea and fix it in 40% (minimum) clear ethanol (Rum, Vodka, etc...), next fix another sample showing the signs of deterioration you described. This would allow for a microscopic comparison of tissue from the two samples. It would also be beneficial to remove a small piece, about 1 mm of tissue from the Ricordea prior to fixation for bacterial culture. But these fresh samples would have to be sent to us quickly for them to be useful.
I hope this helps.
Cheers,
Michael P. Janes
President & Senior Aquarist
AquaTouch
12040 North 32nd Street
Phoenix, Arizona 85028
USA