I cannot speak for clowns at all, but currently I use 100% frozen food for rearing bangaii. On average across my last 6 batches I have lost less than 20% in the first 30 days. Only a few after that, but they are off rotifers by day 30 anyways. If I remove the batch where I was exploring your very question, the rate goes to less than 8%.
The key is just what was stated above. They must perceive the food as live. In my fry tank for the bangaii, the flow must be very specific. I can very reliably produce striking reactions on frozen food with the flow. Specific pattern, they strike. Take it away to anything else, and they just watch it float by.
I will be testing out these ideas on clowns at some point, but I am probably the only one who didn't start breeding with clowns. =)
I am about to attempt my first pajama batch. Release should be tonight actually, but I will be doing live and frozen foods in my attempt.