Oyster Reef Ecosystem Tank

Thank you Michael!

I've been using my iPhone 7 Plus camera, sometimes with a tripod and sometimes without, depending on the critter to photograph.

If my ID is correct about the tube anemone, then they don't get very big about 2" max length and only about 3/4" diameter of the tentacles. They're basically white too. Also, most of the time they burrow in the sand. So, my hunch is that is why you wouldn't see them in your LFS, too small and not colorful. The issue with native critters in our area is also the bland colors, not popular at your LFS. Heck, they even dye fish in glow colors now and sell the you know what out of them. But, back to the tube anemone, the one attractive thing to reefers for them would be that they like to burrow in sand beds, maybe could be considered part of a clean up crew or something?

I doubt the jellyfish would survive in my tank to adulthood, simply because I'm using a HOB filter and a powerhead. Even in my big tank, they may survive in the sump, but the pump and also my gyre would probably kill them. I suspect that they'll survive at the cellular level through to the ephyra (larval medusa) stage, but after that...squish. Perhaps those torn up stay alive and become polyps? I still have no idea how they got in there. So, during the life cycle of the moon jelly, they basically spawn as adults, and after gamete fertilization, something called planula (a larva) forms and settles on some sort of substrate. It then morphs into a polyp that pretty much looks just like a mini anemone. I've seen them attached to my shells, and then grow into the polyp, and that process seems to take a couple weeks. Then, after a few more weeks, they change to the budding polyp, which reminds me of a stack of paper cupcake holders. I think that at that point, polyps start breaking away as a larval form of medusa called an ephyra. I've seen as many as eight ephyra stacked on to one polyp, and then after about a week it's down to one or two, and then just a nub of a base, so I guess another two weeks for a total of 6 weeks or so? These are my estimates, it may take a little longer. Until yesterday, I thought that I had anemones and the budding polyps looked different enough that I thought that they were a different species! Last night, the light bulb went off, especially when some of the "anemones" seemed to disappear. In my mind, I thought that they just moved like anemones often do, but nope, they turned into budding polyps and well, budded off. LOL. I have seen a couple of the ephyra floating/swimming in my tank current, but not often, and have yet to see one turn into a medusa. I suspect that might change in my sump refugium when that time comes, if I let it happen. I plan to donate the oyster shell with the most cniderian life on it to our local public aquarium jellyfish tank this weekend.

It was creepy seeing that worm come out, and then another one, and then another one, etc. But, after watching them around the shrimp, my guess is that they don't pose a thread to anything in my tank. That might be different if my blennies breed, because fish fry seem to always be food for just about anything. We will see when that day comes.

I am just thankful that none of my fish have died in QT. I've been good with my water changes and keeping the copper levels at the right therapeutic level, at least the fish seem to be telling me that based on their looks and activity. I'll be happy when it is over though and I can get them back home. Lots of life in the tank is way cool, no doubt. That video of the jellies also shows a lot of worms dancing around trying to catch planktonic food.
 
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Also, if you look to the left of the center polyp, you can really see one of the budding polyps with an ephyra that is ready to break away, and might be the last one or maybe two on the stack. The ephyra "pumps" like it is trying to swim off and eventually, they do swim off. The budding polyp to the right of the whitish regular polyp seems to have more ephyra on the stack. It is really cool to see, but I'm not sure yet if this will be a problem in my tank in the future. If they become to prevalent and a problem with my fish, then I'll be scooping them out with a turkey baster kind of like you are doing with the sea slugs. I guess every garden has weeds to pull!
 
Update on my brackish tanks:
In the 20g Long display tank, which is fallow, I finally got a good video of what I was trying to ID earlier, and I'm pretty sure it is a ghost anemone, but still could be a tube anemone. I'll have to study more about both to determine this. But, it's not a worm, definitely a cniderian. I am also ruling out that this is a jellyfish polyp, because it's much larger than those, and is growing, and has not changed to a budding polyp. It has been there for a long time also. Also, in the video, I found a small tunicate that I hadn't seen before just to the left of the anemone. I think that my tunicates are reproducing. This is the second one that I've found. I need to go back and look at older pics and vids to determine if this was there before or not.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hofBRYavqJk&t=1s

Also, the ghost anemone wasn't doing well in the 20g high. All of a sudden, it wasn't attached to anything, its tentacles were withdrawn, and it looked a bit withered. I did a water change and it looked a little better for a while, but then became detached again. So, I took the opportunity, since it wasn't attached, to move it to the 20g long display tank. It is attached to a shell now and is doing much better. The tentacles haven't fully extended yet, but the main body and overall health looks much better. I've wanted to move this creature to the display tank for a long time.

The fish are in their last week of copper treatment, and are doing well. They're eating and look very healthy. After the last day of treament, then I will do water changes and add carbon to get rid of the copper. After that, I'll observe them in QT for a few weeks until the display tank fallow period ends, and then they get to go home.
 
That's cool you were able to move the nem. Glad to hear your tunicates are thriving and reproducing! I had good luck with mine adding phytoplankton and sodium silicate.

It also sounds like your QT process is on track. We're both in a not-so-exciting phase where we have to be patient. You've got a good plan and you're sticking to it. One of theses days we're going to have some freakin' awesome tanks!
 
Thanks Michael.

We're both in a not-so-exciting phase where we have to be patient.

You got that right! Ugh... I still watch my tank for a good bit of time, breaking out the magnifying glass and observing all of the inverts. But, it ain't the same without the fish. Bristleworms are always out at feeding time, and rarely came out with fish in there, for good reason...the blennies and skilletfish will eat them! I like that they're in there though, a renewable food source that is tough for the fish to catch, which keeps them on the hunt. I've learned a lot about them though, a plus for going fallow. But, I want my fish back in there! Soon.
 
Kevin,
Every time I see your rockrock, I recall my first marine tank 45 years ago. I so much like the way you aquascaped with oysters shells.

Have you considered a macro like Caulerpa Prolifera in your quarantine tank? During copper treatment with damaged bacteria populations, the macro would eliminate the need for frequent water changes.
 
Thank you Patrick!

Kevin,
Have you considered a macro like Caulerpa Prolifera in your quarantine tank? During copper treatment with damaged bacteria populations, the macro would eliminate the need for frequent water changes.

I haven't. But that is a great tip. I was wondering what would work. I think it would make the fish feel more at home too. I will give it a try!
 
A couple more videos:

The fallow display tank:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-w3soi4hkLM

A couple Harris Mud Crabs (Rhithropanopeus harrisii), one of two species in the tank. I always thought that these were a nasty muddy brown when collecting them in the field, but in a tank, they "clean up" really nice, and I find them quite attractive. They are very secretive though, but during the fallow period, when the fish are away, the crabs will play.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRMXr0LUz6c
 
The fish in QT are doing well, eating nicely. Copper treatment is over, so tonight I do my first water change, 25% and I'll add carbon to the filter to begin removing the copper from the system. In a few weeks, I'll move them back into the display.

Meanwhile, in the display tank, the invertebrates are having a party and doing math (multiplying). There are more bristleworms than I can count, so I hope that the fish have a good time eating some of them when they get back. The bristleworms are not aggressive toward anything in the tank, except each other now and then. If two of them meet, sometimes one will attack the other with a quick attacking motion. It resembles my Mom when I was a little kid smacking my hand when I tried to sneak a fresh cookie off of her baking sheet...lightning quick, as was I getting the heck outta there.
 
Congrats on a successful quarantine! I bet you're super excited to get those fish back in the display.

Good analogy with your mom and your worms! Now I want cookies…
 
I had a minor setback the other day in QT. I saw one of the gobies scratching. I used to think that this behavior was at times due to an itch in general, not necessarily a parasitic symptom. But, I've since reconsidered that philosophy, and I now think that it's almost always because of a parasite.

I've been using Cuprimine, and at the time that I purchased it, I also bought a copper test kit from API. Since then, I've read that the API kit doesn't accurately measure Cuprimine for some reason, but I went ahead anyway and dosed based on the directions, and tested with the kit. The kit has been measuring consistently the same thing after my final dosing of Cuprimine, and until the other day, parasitic symptoms disappeared.

As a result, and based on what I read about the API kit, I went out in search of kits at local fish stores and the only one most of them carry is the API kit. The info that I had was that the Seachem and Salifert kits are better, and the best is an expensive test kit that you can only get on line. I'd rather not go expensive, and I thought it would be faster to find either of the other kits at a LFS...not so easy.

Well, yesterday, I found the Salifert kit at a LFS in the Baltimore area after a doctor's appointment that I had up there. I got home and measured, and sure enough, the dosage was a bit below the therapeutic level, so I upped the dose by adding 5 drops more last night, and five more today. I will measure again tonight, and keep doing that until I reach the therapeutic level, and then the countdown begins again for treatment. This time, I'll keep them at this level for three weeks.

They're still eating and active, so far so good with that. I haven't seen any more scratching, so that is good. The QT is also more than 10' away from the nearest tank.
 
Thanks Michael.

The tank is doing well, as is the QT process. All of the fish are eating well and active, but they seem more aggressive right now. I'm not sure if it is due to breeding behavior, or just stress from a QT environment. As far as the fallow display tank, I found a third anemone on the underneath side of the oyster shell that the second anemone adopted as home. I thought earlier that they were tube anemones, but now I think that all three of them are ghost anemones. The one that seemed in poor health that I moved from the 20g high to this tank seems very healthy again. Here is a video of it below, sorry for the poor quality. I'll try and get a better shot of it in the future. The anemone moved from a razor clam across about 3" of sand to the base of the largest oyster cultch, and has stayed there ever since.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuDLOu6vhKM

I also found another unidentified invertebrate. I think it is some type of worm, but I'm not sure. It has moved to another oyster shell since this video, so it's not completely sessile. Here's a video of it:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFZ7e_6rN5s

Most of the tunicates died off, but 3 of the larger original ones are hanging in there and seem to be healthy. I have two "new" ones that I've found that seem to be juveniles, about 1/4" wide now, one that I've found on an older oyster shell that I collected and also one on my cultch, which leads me to believe that they reproduced in my tank. The grass shrimp, mussels, barnacles, and the many bristleworms are also doing well.
 
Looky what I found in my tank?


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZvKUYUbZ7o8

This little snail shows up 6 months after my last collecting trip. I never saw any evidence of snails in either of my tanks. Last night, I saw it feeding on the side glass of the tank. It is tiny, and at first, I thought it was just a gas bubble from algal growth on the glass, but it moved... So, I zoomed in with the camera, and saw it was a gastropod, and took the video. I have no idea what species this is, and I assume it's a grazer.

Why is this a big deal? I keep finding life in the tank that I haven't seen before, like this snail, and the third anemone that I didn't know that I had. Where the heck did this guy come from? I was wondering if things can be introduced via bottled store bought plankton? Anyone know? I've tried several kinds, the latest being Reef Nutrition Oyster Feast and phytoplankton...
 
Looky what I found in my tank?


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZvKUYUbZ7o8

This little snail shows up 6 months after my last collecting trip. I never saw any evidence of snails in either of my tanks. Last night, I saw it feeding on the side glass of the tank. It is tiny, and at first, I thought it was just a gas bubble from algal growth on the glass, but it moved... So, I zoomed in with the camera, and saw it was a gastropod, and took the video. I have no idea what species this is, and I assume it's a grazer.

Why is this a big deal? I keep finding life in the tank that I haven't seen before, like this snail, and the third anemone that I didn't know that I had. Where the heck did this guy come from? I was wondering if things can be introduced via bottled store bought plankton? Anyone know? I've tried several kinds, the latest being Reef Nutrition Oyster Feast and phytoplankton...

I have had stuff bloom/hatch years after live rock introduction.

Kevin, I don’t think that commercial phyto or zooplankton culture would introduce anything but what is advertised. They sterilize everything. The protocoals used in reputable scientific/commercial labs are very strict.
 
I am not sure what to think about the tunicates, because I can't find much info on line about this species (Mogula manhattensis) in captivity, other than for short term lab work. I've been feeding them bottled phytoplankton and oyster eggs. So far, I've been able to keep some of the adults for about 8 months, then they die. I think that their life span is about that, based on what I've read, so maybe that is all that I can expect in my tank. That also explains why the larger tunicates died first. Is my tank the optimal environment for them? Probably not, because the ones that lived haven't grown to the full size of the larger ones that died. They are surviving, but not necessarily thriving, although...

I suspect that my food regimen is working because I've had juvenile tunicates showing up throughout the tank. I've found six juvenile tunicates, and have two adult tunicates left. Some of them juveniles are growing pretty fast. I also found out that the crabs eat them now and then, especially the juveniles. I couldn't figure out why they'd eventually disappear, until I found a mud crab eating one. I've discovered a dozen juveniles, but now can only find 6 of them. I'm researching on how to raise my own plankton, and it seems pretty easy, so that should reduce the cost of feeding the filter feeders.

The worms are similar to a bobbit worm, but most likely, the species is a common clam worm, a.k.a. ragworm, Neanthes succinea. There are 110 species of bristleworms found in the Bay, but this species seems to be the best match (videos, pictures, and also based on them being found in brackish water like my collecting site, at and SG of 1.014). They don't bother anything. They eat leftover food, so I consider them part of my clean up crew. I'm sure that my fish will eat prey on them also. They avoid all of the other critters, preferring to dart back into their burrows rather than prey on them, or defend themselves, except for each other. I've seen two of the worms encounter each other, and one of them attacked the other with a quick nip of it's toothy proboscis. The "teeth" are much smaller than those of the bobbit worms that I see on line. The "Chesapeake Bay Program" puts out a list of species that have been collected, called "A Comprehensive List of Chesapeake Bay Basin Species 2007". The family name "Eunicea" is on the list, but no associated species, which leads me to believe that they might not have collected any Eunice worm species yet, but perhaps they anticipate that they will. Anyway, I searched images for all of the listed worm species and narrowed it down to a couple.

Feeding my fish: During the winter, I've fed them frozen brine shrimp, frozen mysis shrimp, frozen clams, frozen bloodworms, and a frozen seafood mix. I rotate foods so they don't get used to any one of them. I've fed them flakes in an auto feeder when I went on vacation a couple times, and started feeding them flakes a few days before (and only flakes) so they'd get used to eating them. But once I return from vacations, I go back to frozen or fresh foods. During the summer last year, I fed them fresh razor clams, fresh clams, fresh oysters (from the store), and keep grass shrimp in the tank (they'd preyed on them now and then, but not as often as I thought), and also fresh mussels. They also ate a tiny mud crab that I had in there, but leave the larger ones alone. I plan to raise amphipods in my holding tank and use them for food as well. They ate all of the ones that I collected. I can't get to the collecting spot as often as I'd like, but my goal is to provide them with the best diet that I can. The bristleworm population has exploded in my tank, so my guess is that they fish will eat them if they can catch them. I know for a fact that my skilletfish will eat them, because I dropped one in my QT tank to see what happened and the skilletfish was the first to get there (ate it whole).

Status of my tanks: Copper treatment is over, and I'm doing 25% water changes and added carbon to my filter to get the levels down. The fish go back to the display tank in 8 days, so I can't wait.
 
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