Plating Phytos

Seahorsewisprer

In Memoriam
Hi, Guys! I know this is the Macro algae forum, but I need some help on Micro algaes. I have found a spot to get some really cool microalgae cultures, but these are kinda delicate species that are hard to replace. Has anyone here ever started microalgae cultures on agar plates to be able to store them for longer periods?
 
Me me! You will want to use f/2 medium mixed up with saltwater, the stuff from Faf would work great here or even the Kent f/2 formulas together, just be sure to dilute them into seawater - 25-28ppt seems to work great for me.

To 1liter of f/2 medium add about 1 small teaspoon of vegan jello (agar, try the supermarket for it). This should yield a nice firm substrate that isnt too loose. Heat the jello mix plus the f/2 into the microwave for 2 minute intervals, stirring inbetween intervals. You're waiting for the agar to have dissolved into the water. If you find at the end its too loose or seem too hard, try again with less or more agar.

Once the agar has dissolved, let it sit out at room temperature, you want it to come down to about body temperature before pouring the plates. Ideally you would do this under a laminar flow hood to prevent contamination of your stocks with bacteria, but so far so good with my attempts at this.

When its lukewarm, begin pouring the mixture into your plates, fill about halfway - www.aquaculturestore.com stocks petri plates I do believe. When you've finished pouring, start inoculating the cultures with 20-50ml of starter culture of your favorite phyto, a few tablespoons. You wont need a whole lot.

Go quickly at this stage or your agar will harden too much. The phyto can take some heat on their little cell walls without dying so dont try to wait for the agar to cool to room temperature. It will solidify very quickly once its at body temperature, a few minutes working time is all you have.

When all the plates are poured and inoculated, seal the plates with a small peice of tape or two and set them underneath a decent light source that's on a timer. It'll take up to a week before you get a nice vibrant color of phyto growing through the plate itself. Once it gets to a nice thick celled stage, pull the plates, seal entirely with tape (medical tape is my favorite, or you could track down some actual scientific labeling tape) and stick in your fridge.

1 liter of culture plus agar will make up to 40 plates of the 100x15mm size (3" diameter). About 20 of the larger 150x15mm (4.5" usually) size. Scale up or down accordingly.

Plates keep upwards of two months in the fridge, they can be kept under light up to a month before the plate will need to be renewed.

To harvest from plates, pour seawater on top of the plate and allow it to hydrate fully for a few hours or overnight. Take a q-tip and run it across the surface of the gel after its hydrated to bring the cells to the liquid phase of the setup. Pour that liquid into your new culture setup when you want. Dont forget your f/2 in the new culture media.

Any questions? :)
>Sarah
 
Hehehe.. I was just re-reading this and I forgot to say that you want unflavored plain vegan jello, or unflavored plain no sugar gelatin. No flavors and dyes for the phytos.. ;) If you have access to some precise measuring instruments, like a scale, you are shooting for a 0.9-1% solution of agar in your media.
 
Wow! Thanks, Sarah! So, this process doesn't need no stinkin' autoclave! I've been trying to finangle my way into our lab, or to our local high school!

So, I use the same fertilizer in the same concentration I use when I am growing the stuff in my diet pepsi bottles? I have been using tap water and having good results. Should I use sterile water? Microwave it first? Or get sterile water from work?

Why do you use 2 minute intervals when you are making the jello? It must boil to dissolve the jello, right? Why not heat the water and then add it to the jello like when we make dessert?

OK, no hood but I am the Goddess of sterile technique, so I will wear a mask and make sure the windows are closed!

Thanks!!! If it works,I'll get you first dibs!
 
Tap water should be fine. And yes, make up the culture liquid just the same as you normally would and simply add the agar to it. Most of the agars I tried at work, as well as the vegan jello (which is just agar, lol) and the plain no sugar gelatin, melted after very little effort in my microwave. The plates from all the different types didnt seem to have any major differences.

I do two minute intervals because it WILL boil over and make a lovely sticky mess. Wear those oven mitts when you go to grab it from the microwave.. the gel can get super super hot and agar gel burns are not a lot of fun. It really retains the heat.

I didnt try heating the water alone and then adding it.. but it might not all dissolve correctly. I always get gritty jello. :lol:

Just for the benefit of anyone else who's reading and wondering what an autoclave is: its a machine used in laboratory and hospital settings that employs high pressure and high temperature environment to sterilize equipment, chemical solutions and media, etc. ;)

Any more nerdy questions for the queen?

>Sarah
 
OK, so what about using a pressure cooker for an autoclave? Someone in our local club said that is what vets use.

Tell me how the autoclave would fit in anyway! Would I make the plates, then autoclave them before I innoculate with the phyto? is it to make sure no airborne bacteria are able to grow on the plate?

I think I might be able to get into our local high school to use their autoclave, if they have one, if I need one. I have used our local community resources to reupholster a couch, fire pottery and learn sign language! All that stuff is just sitting there unused after 3 pm, and then they let the parents in to play!

(Queen sounds a bit....happy! Wouldn't you rather be a goddess?)
 
Aero I really dont think we need the autoclave or even the pressure cooker. You just need the high temperature to put the agar into suspension since it wont dissolve at room temp. The high heat and high pressure environment would be only if you absolutely sterile conditions. This would entail a lot of work.

You'd need bottles, a sterile culturing area (use lots of ethanol and a big flame on a bunsen burner to burn up bacteria in the air floating by), sterile media to begin with, sterile plates, etc etc etc. If you're really bent on it you'll need agar sent to you from a scientific supplyhouse. Plus, you'll need petri plate sealing tape (its breathable, but doesnt let microbes in) to truly keep things sterile.

I havent had any trouble keeping phyto's plated without doing the ultra sterile technique. A little bacteria in the culture doesnt seem to hurt, and there arent any obvious bacterial colonies usually when I go to harvest/replate.

Are you just worried about have the phyto jump ship for fear of the bacteria? Or cross contamination with your other phytos? Let me know if I can be of some help.. if we have a couple people maintaining a specific algae line it'll be easier on us if someone has a crash. Maybe a few of us who are interested in the crazy phyto's could go in on it together..

I could go for Goddess of Nerdliness title.. sounds good to me.
>Sarah
 
Goddess of Microstuff!

I was thinking about getting some stinkin' mold or something growing! Or some crazy bacteria!

I was at the grocery store getting actual food and I picked up some Knox gelatin, just to play with. I was thinking trying it in ziplocks! I put 1 packet in, 200 cc mix, put the whole ziplock in a cup and nuked it for 2 minutes. The stinkin' bag started to melt on one side! My microwave is really new (I just remodeled our kitchen). Next time I'll just do 1.5 minutes!

But, I have to work tomorrow so maybe the next day, I'll try it different! Sterile pee cup? I was thinking covering it with plastic wrap and sticking that under a light.

Anyway, in an hour or so, I'll innoculate this first completely unsterile batch with some tetraselmis.....I think. I don't have a microscope...yet!

Thanks Sarah! You are quite the inspiration!
 
Here is the method im going to try (from a United Nations website)...

For isolating algae, i think the important thing is to streak the agar with an innoculation tool and let the algae grow out from that spot (hopefully leaving any contaminants behind)


The following agar plating technique can be used to isolate algal strains from raw seawater and for the maintenance of existing algal strains.


Ã"šÃ‚· prepare a 0.9% agar medium by weighing out 9 g of agar powder and placing it into a 2 l conical flask to which 1 l of sea water is added
Ã"šÃ‚· heat the flask on a Bunsen flame and let it boil twice, i.e. heat until it boils, let it cool and let it boil a second time.

Ã"šÃ‚· add nutrients (see Tables 2.3 & 2.4) before autoclaving

Ã"šÃ‚· cover the flask with aluminium foil

Ã"šÃ‚· autoclave at 125Ã"šÃ‚°C for 30 minutes at 1 atm

Ã"šÃ‚· sterilise Petridishes by incubation for 30 minutes at 150Ã"šÃ‚°C

Ã"šÃ‚· agar plates are prepared aseptically by pouring the warm autoclaved agar into the sterile Petridishes near a Bunsen flame or in a laminar flow, cover up the Petridishes and leave them to cool for about 2 h

Ã"šÃ‚· streak the algal sample onto the agar surface with a sterile platinum loop (previously heated to red-hot and cooled)

Ã"šÃ‚· place the Petri dishes upside-down on an illuminated glass rack

Ã"šÃ‚· depending on the density of the inoculum, cell colonies can be observed to grow on the surface after 5 - 21 days

Ã"šÃ‚· select the best colonies and transfer them with a sterile platinum loop into a test tube filled with 5-10 ml of culture medium and shake it regularly during incubation on an illuminated glass rack.

Ã"šÃ‚· when a colour change is observed in the tube, check under the microscope the isolated algal strain
 
Sarah, ok so whats the deal with the whole bunsen burner thing? If i do the procedure near a flame it kills the floating bacteria? I ask because im getting one of these portable burners. Will this do the trick? I'll be using it mainly to heat water, sterilize my innoculation loop etc but would this work for the whole air sterilization thing? :D

120-30916%20&%2018%20-%2002%20Burner%20&%20Stand%20-%20No%20Back%20-%20CXE.jpg
 
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Yep.. kills the floating bacteria in the air. The idea is to give you a small little sterile bubble in the space you're working in. Next best thing to a laminar flow hood.. you dont have an extra $20k to drop on that I assume? No? Bother.

So turn that portable guy up as high as the flame will go as you work. You can use just the low setting for sterilizing the loops and water and such. Ohh.. one more thing.. when we do E. coli culture capture we dip the loops into ethanol (at least 80% EtOH) and then burn them in the flame to sterilize. Probably unnecessary but then most researchers are pyros at heart. :D

You may also want to check around for a glass plate spreader.. I dont remember the technical term for them. I would think they would make spreading the algae onto the plates a lot easier. Sterilize as above.

One more thing.. you read that people are spreading the cells onto the top layer of the plate after its gelled up and cool? Interesting. I was told to add a few mls of starter culture to inoculate when the plate was still warm and the agar hadnt setup. The cells I've been using can take some heat, so I havent had an issue.

I think the dark side is winning.. :strooper:
>Sarah

PS: You can totally tell I'm a research weirdo by my "mls" and that Aero is in medicine from her "cc's". Hehehe.
 
Samala said:

Are you just worried about have the phyto jump ship for fear of the bacteria? Or cross contamination with your other phytos? Let me know if I can be of some help.. if we have a couple people maintaining a specific algae line it'll be easier on us if someone has a crash. Maybe a few of us who are interested in the crazy phyto's could go in on it together..

>Sarah

I was thinking this whole plating nonsense would be a good way to take a contaminated culture and make it pure again.

Once algae begins to grow away from the steaked area, a sterile innoculation loop can be used to remove a small portion of the agar/algae and placed in a test tube with sterile f/2 medium. This tube is not aerated and is capped. It should be gently mixed several times per day. Start about 10 of these tubes and use the best-looking culture to start a 250ml aerated culture. Use these to start a larger batch culture.

That is my plan at least :D
 
Ahh.. I see. I have been keeping my phyto culture capped (drill'd myself an airline hose and sealed it up o' course) or covered with parafilm (the better version of that crazy Glad Press n Seal stuff) to keep out airborne contaminants and to prevent phytos from cross contaminating. I have had one or two culture go green or gold whenever they shouldnt have. But, hey, such is life. I've been relying on my pure plates to restart the cultures.

Dont know why I never thought of screening out phyto species from a plating of them in a smear once contaminated. See what happens when you get used to doing things a certain way? You get dumb!

>Sarah
 
It will... we just need to be very sterile when making them ;) :D As soon as our cultures get here, we'll use them to start some agar plates, agar slant tubes, liquid tubes and 250ml cultures. 4 types of cultures for each species :D Im just worried about that Rhodomonas! I haven't seen any encouraging info on growing it yet. Most info says its tempermental and slow-growing.
 
It IS easy to plate them all.. I really dont try to be sterile at all about them.. not really. I do it all on the kitchen counter.. havent had an issue. Watch now I'll go check my cultures and they'll have crashed on me.. :p

Have fun with the algae guys. If you want someone to, um, maintain a line of one of them elsewhere, far away from your desert contamination.. lol.. lemme know.

>Sarah
 
Fantastic! And so pretty.. almost like art. ;) I knew you wouldn't have a problem.. now you should add this to your resume you know Triterium.. "microalgae sterile culture extraordinaire"

>Sarah
 
Next time, I will streak in a more artistic fashion :D
Haha ok i changed my name since i really dont have much of a reef anymore :p
 
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