Preventing Bacteria Growth On RO Membrane

SantaMonica

Well-known member
Preventing Bacteria Growth On RO Membrane

I need an RODI system for once-a-month use on a 90. I'm changing 30 gal saltwater a month, and I'm topping off 30 gal kalkwater a month (one gal/day), so the total RODI needed is 60 gal per month. The tank is in an office, and other than feeding (which can be done by others), I only want to have to attend to it monthly. I need to fill up a 30 gal container with RODI so I can make saltwater, and then fill up another 30 gal container with RODI so I can make kalkwater. The saltwater will then be used for waterchange, and the kalkwater will be used for auto topoff throughout the month. Problem is, I've read about bacteria growing on (an in) the RO membrane if the RODI unit is not used more than once per week (thus destroying the membrane). Well, I can't use it once a week because I'm only there once a month.

I know many people solve this by using a water level-control in their freshwater holding container, and from there the water goes to a kalk reactor which then goes into the sump via a float switch at the sump. This does keep bacteria from growing on the RO membrane, since the RODI unit operates on-and-off periodially as the level controller keeps the freshwater container filled. Problem with this setup is that a separate kalk reactor is needed, and, TDS creep occurs as the freshwater container auto-fills itself.

My design, however, takes kalkwater from a 30 gal freshwater container (that I fill up monthly and add kalk) and puts it into the sump as needed (via a float at the sump), thus avoiding a separate kalk reactor, and avoiding TDS creep because I'm only using the RODI unit once a month (and when I do use it, I manually discard the initial output of the RODI which gets rid any creep that there is.)

The problem to be solved with my design is this: What can I do to stop the bacteria growth that will build up on the RO membrane as it sits there unused for a month?
 
I've not heard of anyone getting their membrane clogged with bacteria even with infrequent use. I certainly used mine fairly infrequently (maybe once every 2 weeks) for many years. What did you read that suggested otherwise? Be careful that it wasn't folks worried about bacterial growth in water they intend to drink, which is a totally different issue.

I think the answer that you got from Spectrapure (some of the most knowledgeable folks around on such systems) that it is not likely a big problem is unlikely to be countered by anyone posting here. I believe that they are correct that it makes little to no difference if the water is flowing or not for bacterial growth on the membrane. Why would it make a difference? The water is not chlorinated or otherwise likely to kill bacteria when it is flowing.

http://www.reefcentral.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=1323152
 
I had seen a post somewhere about microbial fouling of the membrane when used less than once a week, which is the only thing I had not accounted for in my design. So I searched other sites, and also asked the four vendors I was considering:

http://www.reefcentral.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=1323149
http://www.reefcentral.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=1323150
http://www.reefcentral.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=1323152
http://www.reefcentral.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=1323154

I don't think any replies were pertaining to drinking; all was for tank use. I'm not sure why "flowing" would make a difference either; maybe because it physically flushes any "slime" off the membrane. That seemed to be what one vendor was saying. But nevertheless, it seems that membrane manufacturers do indeed want it to be used at least weekly.

Can I use a TDS meter to tell me if bacteria is becoming a problem? I'd hate to connect/wire/plumb this system without any precautions, only to find out I am indeed having bacteria ruin the membrane.
 
All things considered in those replies, I do not think that I'd come to the same conclusion that you did that there is a big cause for concern. But if you want to be the most conservative, the suggestion of putting the membrane in a fridge when not using it will certainly work.
 
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You could switch your prefilter to silver impregnated carbon and see if that helps control the bacteria. But as Randy said it isn't really a big problem. Larger commercial systems, where the costs of the membranes alone run in the tens of thousands of dollars they will be concerned with biofouling if tehy have high bacterial counts in the feed water. But the cases where it happens the bacterial counts are well over any that would be found in a municapally treated water. If your running off a well I'd worry about iron or sulfur bacteria fouling but only if you've proven they are present in the water.
 
Ok so it looks like I should try it normally first, and if there are signs of fouling then I could try one of these:

1. Store in fridge

2. Change to silver carbon (although the ZetaZorb .2 seems best suited to begin with.

3. Put a UV on the inlet.

I'm assuming that a long flush should certainly be done, regardless. As for monitoring for fouling, what might be the things to look for?
 
I presume the concern with fouling is reduced water flow. That will be hard to distinguish from clogging of the sediment or carbon filters unless you monitor a pressure gauge, so if water flow is reduced, replace those filters and see if that helps first.
 
I was told from BFS that I absolutely can not pump water only once a month.

I mentioned my plan to them. Pump water once a month into a 55 gallon drum (on wheels) and have a large amount of water in stock.

He said that I MUST pump at least once or twice a week or bacteria would grow.
 
That's what they told me too: "Unfortunately, you'll not find an RO membrane that is intended to by used in that way. You'll likely have trouble with the top portion of the membrane drying out and with biofouling in portions of the system exposed to nonchlorinated water. Manufacturers wince a bit at use only once per week, but in practice folks have luck with a once a week regime. "

I did not understand the "drying out" part (isn't it always under water? Does it somehow produce air inside?) And the bacteria part, which was my question, seemed to be a questionable area that most others agreed would "probably" not be much of a problem. The .2 micron Spectrapure filter is the smallest I've found, and seems best suited for minimizing bacteria. That, plus a 30-minute flush prior to using, seems to be worth a try.

If I can learn to spot fouling, and if I find any fouling, then I think the next things to try are the fridge, a UV, or silver carbon.
 
I also don't thnk that this is a problem of any significance. I make RO/DI water once every 4-6 wks to make a batch of around 50 gallons. I'm on the same membrane for the last 3-4 years and I'm still seeing about 97 - 98% rejection rate. If it's fouling, it certainly isn't showing it. My tank hasn't shown any adverse effects of using the water.
 
That's great to hear. I'd hate to have to add a UV or some other extra complexity (even though I did see one guy who had a UV on his RODI storage container.)
 
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