Reef Chemistry Articles - in case the archives are down for a longer period

[Habib]

Reef Chemistry Articles
The first two posts in this thread are lists of some of my articles that relate to reef tank chemistry. In the next few posts are some of the articles published by others on reef chemistry issues.

Handy Calculators (I don't claim to have written these, but they are very useful)

Reef chemicals calculator
http://reef.diesyst.com/chemcalc/chem_calc3.html

Calcium Reactor setup calculator (CaCO3/CO2 reactors)
http://home.comcast.net/~jdieck1/reactor.html


General Articles

Reef Aquarium Water Parameters
http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-05/rhf/index.htm

What is seawater
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-11/rhf/index.php


Solving Common Problems

Solving Calcium and Alkalinity Problems
http://web.archive.org/web/20021127040526/http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/nov2002/chem.htm

Low pH: Causes and Cures
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-09/rhf/index.htm

High pH: Causes and Cures
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-03/rhf/index.htm

How to Select a Calcium and Alkalinity Supplementation Scheme
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/feb2003/chem.htm

Phosphate and the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-09/rhf/index.php

Phosphate and Food
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2012/3/chemistry

Nitrate in the Reef Aquarium
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2003/8/chemistry


The "How To" Guide to Reef Aquarium Chemistry for Beginners

The “How To” Guide to Reef Aquarium Chemistry for Beginners, Part 1: The Salt Water Itself
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2007-03/rhf/index.php

The “How To” Guide to Reef Aquarium Chemistry for Beginners, Part 2: What Chemicals Must be Supplemented
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2007-04/rhf/index.php

The "How To" Guide to Reef Aquarium Chemistry for Beginners, Part 3: pH
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2007-05/rhf/index.php

The “How To” Guide to Reef Aquarium Chemistry for Beginners,
Part 4: What Chemicals May Detrimentally Accumulate
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2007-09/rhf/index.php


Calcium and Alkalinity

A Simplified Guide to the Relationship Between Calcium, Alkalinity, Magnesium and pH
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-06/rhf/index.php

When Do Calcium and Alkalinity Demand Not Exactly Balance?
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-12/rhf/index.htm

An Improved Do-it-Yourself Two-Part Calcium and Alkalinity Supplement System
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-02/rhf/index.php

A Homemade Two-Part Calcium and Alkalinity Additive System
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2004/4/chemistry

Solving Calcium and Alkalinity Problems
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/nov2002/chem.htm

How to Select a Calcium and Alkalinity Supplementation Scheme
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/feb2003/chem.htm

Electronic Calcium Monitoring
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-04/rhf/index.htm

Purity of Calcium Chloride
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/mar2004/chem.htm

Calcium and Alkalinity Balance Issues
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2002-04/rhf/feature/index.htm

Calcium Carbonate as a Supplement (Aragamight; Liquid Reactor)
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2002/7/chemistry

The Relationship Between Alkalinity and pH.
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/may2002/chem.htm

The Chemical & Biochemical Mechanisms of Calcification in Corals
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/apr2002/chem.htm

Calcium
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2002/3/chemistry

What is Alkalinity
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2002/2/chemistry

Alkalinity Conversion Table
http://reefcentral.com/gallery/data/...5Alk_Chart.jpg

Salinity

Refractometers and Salinity Measurement
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-12/rhf/index.php

Temperature Corrections for Hydrometers
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-07/rhf/index.htm

Reef Aquarium Salinity: Homemade Calibration Standards
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-06/rhf/index.htm

Specific Gravity Measurement
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2002/1/chemistry

Using Conductivity to Measure Salinity
http://www.aquariumfish.com/aquarium....aspx?aid=1804

Reef Aquarium Water Parameters (a summary general article)
http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-05/rhf/index.htm

What is TDS?
http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/20...ture/index.htm

Iron

First Iron Article: Macroalgae and Dosing Recommendations
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/aug2002/chem.htm

Second Iron Article: Iron: A Look at Organisms Other than Macroalgae
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/oct2002/chem.htm

Iodine

Iodine in Marine Aquaria: Part I
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/mar2003/chem.htm

Iodine in Reef Tanks 2: Effects on Macroalgae Growth
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2003/4/chemistry


Magnesium and Strontium

Do-It-Yourself Magnesium Supplements for the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-07/rhf/index.php


Strontium and the Reef Aquarium
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/nov2003/chem.htm

Magnesium in Reef Aquaria
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/oct2003/chem.htm

Magnesium and Strontium in Limewater
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/dec2003/chem.htm

A Simplified Guide to the Relationship Between Calcium, Alkalinity, Magnesium and pH
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-06/rhf/index.php

Limewater (kalkwasser)

What Your Grandmother Never Told You About Lime
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-01/rhf/index.htm

The Self Purification of Limewater (Kalkwasser)
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/may2003/chem.htm

The Degradation of Limewater (Kalkwasser) in Air
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2003-0...ture/index.htm

Magnesium and Strontium in Limewater
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/dec2003/chem.htm

How to Select a Calcium and Alkalinity Supplementation Scheme
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/feb2003/chem.htm

Metals in Aquaria

Aluminum and aluminum-based phosphate binders
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...y2003/chem.htm

Reef Aquaria with Low Soluble Metals
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2003-0...ture/index.htm

Tap Water in Reef Aquaria
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/jan2004/chem.htm

First Iron Article: Macroalgae and Dosing Recommendations
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/aug2002/chem.htm

Second Iron Article: Iron: A Look at Organisms Other than Macroalgae
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/oct2002/chem.htm

The Self Purification of Limewater (Kalkwasser)
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/may2003/chem.htm

Test Kit Reviews

The Seachem Borate Alkalinity Test Kit
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...e2003/chem.htm

The Salifert Boron Test Kit
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...t2003/chem.htm

Boron and Borate (and pH buffering)

Boron in a Reef Tank (and its effect on pH buffering)
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/dec2002/chem.htm

The Seachem Borate Alkalinity Test Kit
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...e2003/chem.htm

The Salifert Boron Test Kit
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...t2003/chem.htm

Ozone

Ozone and the Reef Aquarium, Part 1: Chemistry and Biochemistry
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-03/rhf/index.php

Ozone and the Reef Aquarium, Part 2: Equipment and Safety
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-04/rhf/index.php

Ozone and the Reef Aquarium, Part 3: Changes in a Reef Aquarium upon Initiating Ozone
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-05/rhf/index.php

Others

Ammonia and the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2007-02/rhf/index.php

Problem Dinoflagellates and pH
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-11/rhf/index.php

Photosynthesis and the Reef Aquarium Part I: Carbon Sources
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-10/rhf/index.php

What is Skimming?
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-08/rhf/index.php

Hydrogen Sulfide and the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-12/rhf/index.php

Water Changes in Reef Aquaria
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-10/rhf/index.php

The Units of Measure of Reefkeeping
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-08/rhf/index.php

What is that Precipitate in My Reef Aquarium?
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-07/rhf/index.htm

Reverse Osmosis/Deionization Systems to Purify Tap Water for Reef Aquaria
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-05/rhf/index.htm

Reef Chemistry Quiz 2007
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2007-01/rhf/index.php

Reef Chemistry Quiz 2006
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-01/rhf/index.php

Iron Oxide Hydroxide (GFO) Phosphate Binders
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-11/rhf/index.htm

Measuring pH with a Meter
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/feb2004/chem.htm

A Comparison of pH Calibration Buffers
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-02/rhf/index.htm

Tap Water in Reef Aquaria
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issues/jan2004/chem.htm

ORP and the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2003-12/rhf/feature/index.htm

Chloramine and the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2003-1...ture/index.htm

Nitrite and the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-06/rhf/index.htm

Silica in a Reef Tank
http://advancedaquarist.com/issues/jan2003/feature.htm

What is TDS?
http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/20...ture/index.htm

Sea Urchins: A Chemical Perspective
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-08/rhf/index.htm

Organic Compounds in the Reef Aquarium
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-10/rhf/index.htm

Solutions to pH Problems
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...e2002/chem.htm

Phosphorus: Algae's Best Friend
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...t2002/chem.htm
__________________
Randy Holmes-Farley
Last edited by bertoni; 10/06/2007 at 08:09 PM.

 

[Habib]

*
07/28/2002, 02:53 PM
Randy Holmes-Farley
Reef Chemist
*
Join Date: Apr 2001
Location: Arlington, Massachusetts
Posts: 52,068
Some more of mine. These are older and, unfortunately, just like a chemical, they apparently are degrading with time. Equations and symbols seem to be having problems, so some are becoming harder to read and understand:

(links updated March 31, 2004)

The Complete Nitrogen Cycle
http://web.archive.org/web/200305101...&RecordNo=3090

Magnesium (older article with fonts screwed up)
http://www.aquariumfish.com/aquarium....aspx?aid=2345

Phosphate (older article now reproduced in a poor fashion)
http://www.aquariumfish.com/aquarium....aspx?aid=2276

Carbon Dioxide
http://web.archive.org/web/200305041...&RecordNo=2074

Using Conductivity to Measure Salinity
http://www.aquariumfish.com/aquarium....aspx?aid=1804

Understanding Seawater
http://web.archive.org/web/200306202.../1/default.asp

Protein Skimming: How It Works
http://web.archive.org/web/20010309054900/http://home.mweb.co.za/jv/jv79/reef/skimmers2.html
__________________
Randy Holmes-Farley
Last edited by Randy Holmes-Farley; 03/24/2005 at 02:26 PM.

 

[Habib]

More articles by Craig Bingman (all links updated on March 31, 2004):

The Halogens Part I: Bromine in Seawater and Aquaria
http://web.archive.org/web/200306261...io/default.asp

The Halogens Part II: Fluoride
http://web.archive.org/web/200306261...io/default.asp

Fluoride Depletion In Four Reef Aquariums
http://web.archive.org/web/200303151...io/default.asp

The Halogens Part III: Iodine
http://web.archive.org/web/200306222...io/default.asp

Measuring Halides
http://web.archive.org/web/200303151...io/default.asp

How Test Kits Work
http://web.archive.org/web/200307020...io/default.asp

Borax pH Calibration
http://web.archive.org/web/200210150...io/default.asp

A pH Detective Story
http://web.archive.org/web/200307021...io/default.asp

How to Mix a Batch of Synthetic Seawater in Under Five Minutes
http://web.archive.org/web/200112172...io/default.asp

Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Likely Effects on Coral Reefs
http://web.archive.org/web/200307031...io/default.asp

SILICON: FOE OR FRIEND?
http://web.archive.org/web/200306241.../1/default.asp

The Composition Of Several Synthetic Seawater Mixes
http://web.archive.org/web/200012150.../1/default.asp

Calcium Carbonate for CaCO3/CO2 Reactors: More Than Meets the Eye
http://web.archive.org/web/200102102...io/default.asp
__________________
Randy Holmes-Farley
Last edited by bertoni; 07/10/2007 at 01:18 AM.

 

[Habib]

Randy Holmes-Farley
Reef Chemist
*
Join Date: Apr 2001
Location: Arlington, Massachusetts
Posts: 52,068
Greg Hillers analysis of limestone media for CaCO3/CO2 reactors
http://www.aquariumfish.com/aquarium...id=124&search=

Calcium Reactor Substrate -- Phosphate Levels
by Greg Hiller
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...2003/short.htm


Indoor CO2 Problems
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...2002/short.htm

A Guide to Using Calcium Reactors
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2002-0...ture/index.htm

Ron Shimek's Tank Water Analysis Article
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2002-0...ture/index.htm

Necessary Nutrition, Foods and Supplements, A Preliminary Investigation
http://web.archive.org/web/200107200...data/foods.asp

The Need to Breathe, Part 3: Real Tanks and Real Importance (oxygen issues)
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2005-08/eb/index.php

A Chemical Analysis of Select Trace Elements in Synthetic Sea Salts and Natural Seawater
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...04/feature.htm

Feature Article: Inland Reef Aquaria Salt Study, Part I
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2005/11/aafeature1

Feature Article: Inland Reef Aquaria Salt Study Part II
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2005/12/aafeature1

My Dialyseas Saga: Pros and Cons
http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-04/pr/index.php

TOXICITY OF TRACE ELEMENTS: TRUTH OR MYTH?
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/issu...03/feature.htm
__________________
Randy Holmes-Farley
Last edited by Randy Holmes-Farley; 06/19/2006 at 08:09 AM.

 

[Habib]

06/24/2003, 04:16 PM
Randy Holmes-Farley
Reef Chemist
*
Join Date: Apr 2001
Location: Arlington, Massachusetts
Posts: 52,068
Reef chemicals calculator
http://home.comcast.net/~jdieck1/chem_calc3.html

Calcium Reactor setup calculator (CaCO3/CO2 reactors)
http://home.comcast.net/~jdieck1/reactor.html

Alkalinity Conversion Table
http://ozreef.org/content/view/87/2/
__________________
Randy Holmes-Farley
Last edited by Randy Holmes-Farley; 05/22/2006 at 09:11 AM.

 

[disc1]

Thanks Habib!

And a bump back to the top of the page.

 

[awais98]

Habib

Most of those web.archive article links dont work anymore.......
Any suggestions?

More articles by Craig Bingman (all links updated on March 31, 2004):

The Halogens Part I: Bromine in Seawater and Aquaria
http://web.archive.org/web/200306261...io/default.asp

The Halogens Part II: Fluoride
http://web.archive.org/web/200306261...io/default.asp

Fluoride Depletion In Four Reef Aquariums
http://web.archive.org/web/200303151...io/default.asp

The Halogens Part III: Iodine
http://web.archive.org/web/200306222...io/default.asp

Measuring Halides
http://web.archive.org/web/200303151...io/default.asp

How Test Kits Work
http://web.archive.org/web/200307020...io/default.asp

Borax pH Calibration
http://web.archive.org/web/200210150...io/default.asp

A pH Detective Story
http://web.archive.org/web/200307021...io/default.asp

How to Mix a Batch of Synthetic Seawater in Under Five Minutes
http://web.archive.org/web/200112172...io/default.asp

Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Likely Effects on Coral Reefs
http://web.archive.org/web/200307031...io/default.asp

SILICON: FOE OR FRIEND?
http://web.archive.org/web/200306241.../1/default.asp

The Composition Of Several Synthetic Seawater Mixes
http://web.archive.org/web/200012150.../1/default.asp

Calcium Carbonate for CaCO3/CO2 Reactors: More Than Meets the Eye
http://web.archive.org/web/200102102...io/default.asp
__________________
Randy Holmes-Farley
Last edited by bertoni; 07/10/2007 at 01:18 AM.

 

[Habib]

Awais98,

Hopefully this will do the trick:
More articles by Craig Bingman (all links updated on March 31, 2004):

The Halogens Part I: Bromine in Seawater and Aquaria
http://web.archive.org/web/20030626...twork.com/fish2/aqfm/1997/oct/bio/default.asp

The Halogens Part II: Fluoride
http://web.archive.org/web/20030626...twork.com/fish2/aqfm/1997/nov/bio/default.asp

Fluoride Depletion In Four Reef Aquariums
http://web.archive.org/web/20030315...twork.com/fish2/aqfm/2000/jan/bio/default.asp

The Halogens Part III: Iodine
http://web.archive.org/web/20030622...twork.com/fish2/aqfm/1997/dec/bio/default.asp

Measuring Halides
http://web.archive.org/web/20030315...work.com/fish2/aqfm/1999/july/bio/default.asp

How Test Kits Work
http://web.archive.org/web/20030702...twork.com/fish2/aqfm/1998/feb/bio/default.asp

Borax pH Calibration
http://web.archive.org/web/20021015005420/www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/2000/feb/bio/default.asp

A pH Detective Story
http://web.archive.org/web/20030702...work.com/fish2/aqfm/1998/june/bio/default.asp

How to Mix a Batch of Synthetic Seawater in Under Five Minutes
http://web.archive.org/web/20011217234403/www.animalnetwork.com/fish2/aqfm/1997/sep/bio/default.asp

Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Likely Effects on Coral Reefs
http://web.archive.org/web/20030703...twork.com/fish2/aqfm/1998/aug/bio/default.asp

SILICON: FOE OR FRIEND?
http://web.archive.org/web/20030624...om/fish2/aqfm/2000/feb/features/1/default.asp

The Composition Of Several Synthetic Seawater Mixes
http://web.archive.org/web/20001215...om/fish2/aqfm/1999/mar/features/1/default.asp

Calcium Carbonate for CaCO3/CO2 Reactors: More Than Meets the Eye
http://web.archive.org/web/20010210...twork.com/fish2/aqfm/1997/aug/bio/default.asp

 

[bertoni]

Indeed, thanks! I will have to go through and fix any remaining problematic links at some point.