Use of Lasers in Controlling Pest Algae and Corals

[*]I think it's safe to say that the lasers used in a medical setting are significantly different and much higher power than the <1800mW lasers being used in aquaria.


[*]I think it's unfair to judge the quality of the eye protection being worn based soley on comparison to the cost of medical equipment. The Eagle Pair glasses I use (and recommend) are also etched with the designed spectrum and are OD4+ rated. I would wager the eye protection used in a medical setting to be little better as additional increases in OD result in less visible light making it harder to see whatever (whomever) you're working on.

Hi,

This is a cumulative response to things that caught my eye in this thread. I don't have time to go through and respond to every response individually. Please don't take anything as a personal attack. It's not meant that way.

As a former Laser Safety Officer responsible for maintaining the system and the paperwork necessary for the CDRH Variance for one of the most complex laser shows of the last century, this thread causes me to have all sorts of concerns. I am a certified Field Service Technician for Coherent Laser Group for the Innova 70, 100, and 300 series of continuous wave ionized gas lasers. (Fancy words for "I can buy a $50,000 watercooled laser tube that runs off of 600VDC and install it for you".) I don't claim to know everything about lasers and their myriad uses, but I did earn my living for six years with them.

Laser Power
The power of medical lasers compared to these high powered, extremely dangerous toys is a moot point. Once you boil the liquid in your retina and damage the cells, you're not getting them back.

Comparing a "<1800mW laser" to a medical laser is like comparing a .22 to a .30-06. You're just as dead.

They "burn" by hitting something that absorbs those frequencies of light and cannot dissipate the energy. When I got my finger in the dialed back (<1W) argon beam, it transferred the energy of the beam into the plasma of my blood. It would have quickly boiled if not for my pain reflex. The skin was undamaged.

The only way you can be killed by a laser is by electrocution or having the power supply fall on you. They can put a world of hurt on you in numerous other ways, though.

Safety Glasses
Eagle Pair glasses are made in China. There is no way you can hold the company that sells them accountable for a failure, therefore you cannot guarantee your safety with them. Do you know their testing and certification procedures? Do you know their batch lot traceability? You do not, therefore, there is no way on earth I would entrust my family's eyesight to them, especially since I know what real ones cost. (As a stagehand who has rigged hundreds of tons of gear above the unsuspecting public's heads, I've seen entire reels of expensive steel cable marked "Made in Korea - DO NOT USE!" because of the lack of traceability. I've taken several courses in safety and liability from the person who literally wrote the book on stage rigging.)

Even with them, there is a very good reason why the laser jocks always used the same eye to focus the table.

"I use my left eye so I always have one good one."

Demonstrations at a Store or Club
The store owner who allowed a demonstration with people wearing sunglasses is completely ignorant (not meant as an insult) of the potential liability he endorsed by allowing that to happen. Had I seen that, I would have been "Mr. Safety Jackass" and demanded that it stop. That was so incredibly dangerous that words can't describe how I feel about it. Suffice it to say that the person who lost their sight would be very rich right now and the store owner and "laser expert dude" would have a criminal record in addition to the civil penalties.

If anyone ever says "These sunglasses are OK!", that person is a danger to himself and those around him. Put a stop to it however you can.

Fiber Optic Feed
That is impossible with these crappy, unstable lasers. Fiber runs require an optics table and ultra precise alignment. You have to bounce the beam into the feed with a front surface mirror aligned to within ten thousandths of an ince. Also, the light emitted from a fiber is uncollimated (just a giant wash of light), so you would need a collimating lens assembly that wouldn't mind being immersed in saltwater. Good luck finding that.

PVC Pipe
Ask any owner of an Epilog laser cutting system if they will cut PVC. They will tell you "No, because the chlorine gas released when it's cut with a laser will destroy my equipment." I don't know if this universally applies to every wavelength of laser, but I would advise extreme caution with PVC around anything this powerful if you cannot find a better material.

Treat it like it's a firearm
Best advice in this thread. I keep my cheap, high power Chinese astronomy laser under double lock and key.

PPE
I would recommend long sleeved, natural fiber, flame resistant clothing. Cotton burns, nylon melts. Heck, buy a cheap pair of military surplus tank crew member coveralls from eBay. The ones I use when shooting fireworks cost $20 shipped and were made from 100% aramid fibers.

Remove all rings, watches, jewelry, etc.

Judge for yourself if the benefit is worth the risk
Did you double check that you're alone in the house? Do you know what you're doing?

If you're doing this for the "kewl lasers!" factor or showing off in any way, you're not in the proper frame of mind.

Lastly, Pay attention to what you're doing. If you don't know exactly what you're doing, don't do it!

Never, under any circumstances do anything that will result in you saying the following:

"My son can't see out of his right eye, but at least I got rid of that aptasia on a rock."

Mr. Glerum (the guy who wrote the book on stage rigging) always told us "I have investigated many accidents and found many well intentioned people who made decisions beyond their qualifications and resulted in people being injured or killed. The one thing that no amount of lawyers can buy you is a good night's sleep."

If you're not sure about something, just stop. Don't rush it. You can't blink fast enough to save yourself.


Personally, I would never attempt this and I sure wouldn't want my name associated with the dissemination of this knowledge on the web, but that's just all of my training talking.

Anyway, I hope this helps in some way. I'm not an "afraid to go outside" guy. Heck, I pay good money to go to the middle of the desert and manufacture my own fireworks a few times a year, however I understand the risks involved and am well trained in the consequences.

Feel free to add any of the above to your info sheet, just reword it so that I'm not associated with it. :)

Jason
 
Hair algae will be difficult because of its size and shape. The energy can more easily be sinked somewhere else since what little mass is there, is waving back and forth in an incredibly good heat transfer medium (water).
 
There are a number of websites selling lasers. I only know of one that has had some 'issues' and the was WickedLaser. I got mine used from a friend and he also said there is a laser forum where people also sell them (just like we sell equipment , corals and fish here on RC). If the website links and forum link aren't in this thread, they are in the similar thread over in the Reef Discussion Forum.
 
Where did you buy your laser kit?

A word of caution to those new to this topic...

HIGH POWER LASERS ARE DANGEROUS.

PLEASE take the time to read the entire thread with special emphasis on the risks and safety suggestions. Under no circumstance should you fire a laser without the proper eye protection for everyone within range of the laser (many hundreds of yards ~ miles depending on power and focus.)

I purchased my laser, along with 2 pairs of Eagle Eye safety glasses through Survival Laser.com The locking Pelican case was purchased through Amazon.

There are multiple retailers selling either the components to build, or completed lasers (completed lasers tend to be from offshore sellers, likely due to FDA restrictions.) The best reference source I've found is Laser Pointer Forums. It's similar to RC, but focuses on lasers (including reviews and sales.)

I believe (based on the limited amount of testing I've done) that for this use - higher power is better. I've noted that others using ~1W lasers have difficulty eliminating lighter colored or translucent pests such as Xenia whereas my 1.8W with the G-1 lens is very effective. I also believe that 445nm is not the optimum wavelength for this use. Everything I've read suggests that 405nm would be more effective at lower power settings. I'm waiting on delivery of a waterproof 1.2W 445nm (purchased through www.lazerer.com) to test the underwater option. I'm also continuing to work on acquiring a waterproof host and components for a >1.5W 405nm build.

IMO, protecting the livestock is a one of the greatest challenges in the responsible use of lasers in aquaria. It's a relatively simple matter to protect the user and observers by REQUIRING the wearing of appropriate rated eye protection and controlling the environment where the laser is being used. No such simple option exists for the tank's inhabitants. Options include underwater lasing (allowing the host to be placed very close to the target) and underwater shielding. Time (and more testing) will tell which methods are best.

Interestingly, the use of lasers in aquaria (featuring this thread) was the 2nd most popular subject on Advanced Aquarists in December

December 2011's Most Popular Posts — Advanced Aquarist | Aquarist Magazine and Blog
 
I have read this entire thread. I want to thank to everyone for ALL of the information! I had a friend tell me of lasing aptaisas at a new years party and was thrilled to learn of what seemed like a simple/easy way to deal with my aptasia problems. I did not go out right away and buy a laser because I wanted to educate myself on the subject first. Thats why I came to RC to find this thread through a search for Blue Laser. I am so glad that the MOD didn't close this thread! Otherwise, I would NOT have been able to learn of some of the precautions to take, or, of some of the ideas to deal with potential reflections. I have had reef aquariums for over 20 years. I am one whom has tried shutting down the aquarium for a week while on vacation to return to a smelly dead tank and no aptasias (about 3 years ago). But even with quarantine methods in place they returned. Since then, I have tried Joes Juice, Aptaisia X, Copperband Butterfly, Peppermint Shrimp, and Berghias (which are very expensive) on two separate occasions! I do remove rocks when its practical and just rinse the aptasia off with hot running water. They'll release and go down the drain. I've also left rocks in a bucket of fresh RO water for a couple of days till they die-off. I have large rock structures and coral growing to them that will just be too destructive to remove. Now that I have learned from this thread, I will implement the safe precautions I have read about. I didn't think of it before so I will lock my laser and store it in a pelican type case as suggested. And, I know this sounds dramatic but,... If I die suddenly (car accident?) and someone finds the case, I also will laminate a note to the outside of the case with warning labels about the dangerous contents within because it seems so innocuous. I think that that is part of the problem here as well. Lasers seem cool and innocuous that people don't treat them with the same respect as a weapon, or even something dangerous. After reading the whole thread I also feel we are getting to the point of beating a dead horse around the safety issues and getting off of the subject for the practical results of using them. It has been my experience from using Joes Juice or AptasiaX that when aptasias are attacked with it they send off planulara (-sp?) and I ended up having many more aptasias than when I started using JJ or ApX. I am wondering if the laser would kill the planulara released when the aptasia feel attacked? Hopefully, the laser would heat and kill any released planuaria.

BTW: NEW READERS TO THIS TREAD, READ THE ENTIRE THREAD

Thanks for all whom have posted their experiences on the subject!
 
Last edited:
Tom, very cool about this being the 2nd most popular thread at Asvanced Aquarists in December.

That's the latest on your submersible laser?
Thanks Ron :) I'm still waiting on the waterproof 445nm. Lazerer has shipped, but they indicate 10-14 days from Hong Kong. While I'm excited to try the underwater option - I am very impressed and pleased with the through-glass results. Were it not for this device, my DT would be largely over-run with Xenia.

Thus far, Xenia seems to be the most challenging to manage, often taking multiple sessions to eradicate. Whereas Aiptasia are very easy. Assuming you have a clear shot at the point of attachment, they are gone in a single session.

I'm also looking forward to obtaining a 405nm. I think it will end up being the most efficient once higher power hosts are available.
 
I have read this entire thread. I want to thank to everyone for ALL of the information! I had a friend tell me of lasing aptaisas at a new years party and was thrilled to learn of what seemed like a simple/easy way to deal with my aptasia problems. I did not go out right away and buy a laser because I wanted to educate myself on the subject first. Thats why I came to RC to find this thread through a search for Blue Laser. I am so glad that the MOD didn't close this thread! Otherwise, I would NOT have been able to learn of some of the precautions to take, or, of some of the ideas to deal with potential reflections.... Now that I have learned from this thread, I will implement the safe precautions I have read about. I didn't think of it before so I will lock my laser and store it in a pelican type case as suggested. And, I know this sounds dramatic but,... If I die suddenly (car accident?) and someone finds the case, I also will laminate a note to the outside of the case with warning labels about the dangerous contents within because it seems so innocuous. I think that that is part of the problem here as well. Lasers seem cool and innocuous that people don't treat them with the same respect as a weapon, or even something dangerous. After reading the whole thread I also feel we are getting to the point of beating a dead horse around the safety issues and getting off of the subject for the practical results of using them. It has been my experience from using Joes Juice or AptasiaX that when aptasias are attacked with it they send off planulara (-sp?) and I ended up having many more aptasias than when I started using JJ or ApX. I am wondering if the laser would kill the planulara released when the aptasia feel attacked? Hopefully, the laser would heat and kill any released planuaria.

BTW: NEW READERS TO THIS TREAD THE ENTIRE THREAD

Thanks for all whom have posted their experiences on the subject!

Thanks very much mobyreef :)

Regarding Aiptasia Planula - I was fortunate that I had very few Aiptasia in my tanks. Those that I had were quickly eradicated with the laser. It's been about a month, and I've seen no signs of any returning. I theorize that starting the laser on the mouth of the Aiptasia "catches" any Planula released and destroys them. Then, as the Aiptasia shrinks, walk the laser down the stalk and focus on the base. I beleive the localized intense heat will kill any remaining Planula. While this is just an assumptive observation on on my part, it seems to work.

Thus far it has been 100% effective, taking only 5~10 seconds per polyp with an 1800mW laser.
 
great thread...very informative. Quick question, what is the effective burn range of these lasers? It appears that focusing is require to get the maximum burn...and assume as the beam gets longer so does the divergence(out of focus). I understand it'l be different depending on the "target"....im sure you can burn a retina at greater distances than skin on someones arm. Just curious.
 
You're right discotu - The focus and optics are critical. If the beam end-point isn't focused to nearly that of a pin-head, the laser has little burning effect (although it is no doubt still very dangerous to your eyesight and that of anyone else within sight of the laser.) My tanks are small, so my working distances are less than most, but I've had no problem eradicating pests ~24" from the laser.

My laser, (like most higher power lasers) is focusable. The focus has to be manually adjusted based on the distance to the target. I also upgraded the optics (G-1.) It is supposed to provide an increase in efficiency/power output - although I don't have a LPM to verify.

My waterproof 1.2mW 445nm should be arriving soon. As the the waterproof hosts are fixed-focus, I'm curious to see how it will impact function.
 
My tank is 36" deep and I have a problem zapping the buggers that are towards the back of the tank. I suppose quite a bit of energy is being lost as it passes through that much water.

Are you guys having luck killing mojano's with these things? After a few weeks I'm noticing that some of the buggers that I've zapped come back in a few days.
 
My tank is 36" deep and I have a problem zapping the buggers that are towards the back of the tank. I suppose quite a bit of energy is being lost as it passes through that much water.

Are you guys having luck killing mojano's with these things? After a few weeks I'm noticing that some of the buggers that I've zapped come back in a few days.
 
I can say from experience that Aptasia are no match for these high power lasers, it's almost unfair
 
My tank is 36" deep and I have a problem zapping the buggers that are towards the back of the tank. I suppose quite a bit of energy is being lost as it passes through that much water.

Are you guys having luck killing mojano's with these things? After a few weeks I'm noticing that some of the buggers that I've zapped come back in a few days.

I can say from experience that Aptasia are no match for these high power lasers, it's almost unfair
I didn't have any Mojano in my tank to test, but my success rate with Aiptasia appears thus far a perfect 100%.

Xenia on the other hand are proving incredibly resilient. I have a colony that I've been targeting to maintain the existing borders. While the laser is "eventually" effective, I've finding that it might take as many as 4 sessions (done daily) to finally kill the larger polyps.

Even so, spending a few minutes lasing through the glass over the course of a few days is still easier than most other options.
 
I think mojanos maybe harder. I have been using a 1 watt and find it takes quite awhile.
CSQ - want me to send you some :)

LOL - Thanks TFM, but I think I'll pass on your generous offer. Since I started this thread, I've had MANY invitations from local reefers to "test" the process on Aiptasia and Mojanos in their tanks.

Apparently there is no shortage of these pests.
 
I finally received the waterproof 1.2W 445nm ordered from Lazerer (Ordered 12/15/11, shipping notice 12/21/11, received 1/11/12.)

I haven't had time to do much with it yet - It came in on-spec (per the power certificate.) I've got it soaking in saltwater to remove any oils left over from manufacture and to make sure it's absolutely waterproof before submerging it in my tank.

I did briefly test it underwater, and at first glance I am not impressed. It seems it will be very difficult to maintain a tight enough focus for optimal use as a burning tool. I will withhold judgement until I can do some actual in-tank testing, but based on what I'm seeing, I suspect that working from outside the tank with the 1.8mW 445nm will be far more effective.
 
CSQ, I've been following this thread and the older now seemingly inactive thread for some time now. Noted all safety concerns and I feel that moving forward is something that I would like to do.

That being said I have two questions;

1) have you noticed any impacts to the livestock and their vision?
2) assuming a $250-300 budget, do you have any personal recommendations on the brand, type, wattage of laser to accommodate a tank with a front to back depth of 22"?

Thank you!
 
Back
Top