In North America we use ANSI codes to match lamps and ballasts properly. Unfortunately European lamps and ballasts do not conform to these same standards. They use a totally different set of specification standards. In the aquarium industry HQI can refer to DE (Double-Ended) or SE (Single-Ended) lamps. The term was and is used to define European high lamp current specification lamps. HQI is widely used to refer to DE lamps which are mostly high current lamps. It is not as simple as just pulse start and probe start. Pulse start and probe start only refer to the starting method and nothing about the operating parameters. You can have 2 different types of pulse start lamps: low lamp current and high lamp current. Low lamp current pulse start lamps are considered the standard pulse start lamp in North America. Most European lamps are actually built to a different electrical standard (a higher lamp current) but are still pulse start lamps.
The Radium lamps and a few other manufacturers̢۪ lamps bring another level of complexity. The Radium 150, 250, 400, 1000 watt lamps for example are not standardized but optimized for a certain ballast (European type ballast). I have personally tested many different ballast and lamp combinations, and I am working with European lamp manufacturers to search for compatible ballasts for these types of lamps because European and North American ballasts are different. Some European lamp manufacturers still do not know the proper North American ballasts for their lamps and some do not even have a North American equivalent. The Radium lamps are recommended for use with the following North American ballasts:
HRI-TS 150W/230/B/RX7S (Radium 150-watt 20,000K): Magnetic ANSI M81
HRI-T 250W/230/B/E40 (Radium 250-watt 20,000K): Magnetic ANSI M80 (HQI)
HRI-T 400W/230/B/E40 (Radium 400-watt 20,000K): Magnetic ANSI M135/M155
HRI-T 1000W/230/B/E40 (Radium 1000-watt 20,000K): Magnetic European high lamp current (HQI) ballast. Currently no North American substitute available.
Using any other ballast will result in the lamp operating out of specification. Meaning the lamp operates at a different power level resulting in a different color appearance and brightness level compared to what the lamp is designed to operate at. Electronic ballasts work in a totally different manner compared to magnetic ballasts. Electronic ballasts will generally push these not so common specification lamps out of spec. It is best to consult with the lamp manufacturers for assistance on ballast and lamp combinations.