substrates can hold onto and gradually release the PO4 into the water column. I've never thought about a time frame of when the rock would exhaust itself of it.
The time frame I noted i, a month or so, is baed on some rock heavily exposed to PO4 and leaching heavily that I cured outside the tank in curing water kept at near 0 PO4 with daily additions of Lanthanum chloride. It took two weeks before the leaching stopped . Figuring a little longer in an active tank.
AS many of you know, cyanobacteria needs only light ,CO2 and water to thrive. Some species are cheoautoprphic ;those types don't evne need light. It can fix it's own nitrogen and make it's own sugars(orgnic carbon) but it can't make phosphate which it also needs.