New sand old sand?
New sand is dusty. It may clump . It also adds new nuecleation sites for precipitation( ie fresh calcium carbonate crystal surfaces) early on. It has no biofilm. Some of it may dissolve giving an early boost to calcium and alkalinity. Best method I've heard is a thorough rinse and a week long soak in aerated tank water to allow a biofilm to develop before use in a display.
Old sand, Is covered with organics .They decay when you shift layers as occurs when moving it and bury them. They can release all sorts of nasties( heavy metals, phospahte etc.) they may be holding when they are moved to deeper areas where localized low oxygen acidic conditions can prevail. The buried organics may also lead to SO4 reducing bacterial activity and noxious/ hydrogen sulfide formation. IMO, it's better not to reuse it except for a thin seeding layer sprinkled on top of the new sand ;unless ,it is thoroughly cleansed with a bleach solution, then ,thoroughly rinsed and dechlorinated.
Sand or other substrate ,rock ornaments etc. used in a tank treated with copper meds or exposure to other heavy metals should not be reused in a reef tank.