One recent study (FAMA?) showed that to replicate the intense natural sunlight conditions on the reef, you would need the equivalent of a 400-watt metal halide hung three feet over a 10-gallon tank! Of course, this would have to be on a continuously variable timer, so that the peak intensity took 6 hours to reach after the lights come on. The peak would last for only 1-3 hours (replicating the intense light and wide spectrum of high noon) and take about 6 hours to diminish. The tank would probably need a chiller big enough for a 100-gallon aquarium to handle such wide temperature fluctuation â€"œ or a 500-gallon reservoir vat.
I think the article concluded that something like a 40-watt bulb, just a few inches over the tank, but on for 10-12 hours daily, would accomplish the same thing…