I really believe there is merit to keeping a fish like a clown trigger, in his own dedicated tank; and when doing so that the fish can be kept in a smaller than typical tank.
Wet Web Media cites them at 19" max wild size.
My own experience with fish in general, and the countless 1st hand stories I've heard from hobbiests that have been in the game for decades, have led me to the conclusion that typically one can expect a heom grown fish to attain about 2/3 of its adult size, given reasonable and consistent water quality, diet, and space. So let's say that you could expect 12-14" after quite a long period of time. *disclaimer. I know that there are species that do reach their full potential in the home aquarium, but the majority do not and we don't need to look to examples of big triggers or angels etc. to see this - take teh humble yellow tang for example; how often have you seen an 8" captive grown specimens; 5-6" would be a very good size!!!
If we accept that the fish will top out at around 12-14", and that it will take at least years to do so from a starting size of 3-4" (thats average 2" per year..... more initially, less towards the end), then we can base our proposed home for the creature based on this size rather than the unrealistic 19".
My personal rule of thumb has always been that a tank should be 6-8 times the length of the expected full size of the fish. 6x times being for typical fish, 8xtimes being for cruisers and palagic type fish such as naso tangs. I would further qualify that the tank footprint should be in the ratio of 1:3 or less i.e. 72" x 24", 96" x 30", etc..... there is little point give a fish more length to swim and nowhere to turn. More recently, I have happened upon another theory, a little more scientific, for establishing tank sizes. Details can be found here:
http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/content.php?sid=3048
Essentially, what this says in that both tank length and width should be considered, as well as the type of fish:
- add length + width (72" + 24" = 96").
- divide this figure by a factor for sedentary(3.5 - 5), maneuverable (5-7), or cruiser (6-8).
- The resulting figure is the max. length of fish the tank can house.
Sedentary = (say) lionfish
Maneuvrable = (say) angels
Cruiser = (say) sharks or fast paced tangs
On this basis, and on the most stringent factor of 7, a 180 could support a 14" fish (13.7"). Consider that "7" is the midband of the "cruiser" category, and consdier also that with a single fish in the tank that decor needs to be minimum and territorial disputes (and stress asscoaited with same) are non existent.
With respect to all of our experience and opinion, most of us base our opinion on gut feeling or have picked it up from someone we respect such as Bob FEnner - but we have no rationale or basis for our opinion, and have little or no basis in science or experimental evidence. The article I reference above is by no means comprehensive, and it is based on freshwater and marine fish, which are of course different. But it is a correcting influence in a hobby where it seems every few years the bar is raised for what is acceptable.
In conclusion, in my opinion a 180 gal tank with a sole inhabitant clown trigger is going to be fine for the fish for quite some time, perhaps indefinitely. The major words of caution I would put forward would be that:
(1) This fish will live for a long time, and will give you very little flexiblity for change. If you're going to get bored of him after a few years, think where will he go? Personally, I would get bored.
(2) If you keep him for 5yrs plus, and against the odds he reaches 12-14" and keeps on growing with no end in sight, then you will need to consider a bigger tank - probably 96" x 30" x 30". Do you have a spot and a budget for a tank that big, or do you envisage having it? You will be very attached to the animal by then, I am sure you will do everything in your power.