Par 30 and Par 38 are both sizes of "spot" or "flood" lights that use an inner parabola reflector to focus light. They both take the same "base" size but the difference is the diameter of the bulb (and the diameter of the fixture they fit in). Here is a list:
PAR-20 (2 1/2”)
PAR-20 (2 1/2”)
PAR-30 (3 3/4”) – Long Neck
PAR-30 (3 3/4”) – Short
PAR-36 (4 1/2”)
PAR-38 (4 ¾”)
PAR-46 (5 ¾”)
PAR-56 (7”)
PAR-64 (8”)
Par 38 is the most common size for many household applications like recessed lighting. In the case of a Par 38 LED bulb, it is designed to serve the same function (more or less) as a Par 38 incandescent or halogen. The bulb diameter will be the same, but there won't be a single reflector since the bulbs will be made from a number of LED emitters, each with its own mini-reflector and optics.