Jim, I have read many of your electrical advice and appreciate it, but I was hoping for more advice on what can I use. Any thoughts?
Regards,
@ hpglow, yup it is an amazing avatar
Problems associated with cords:
Damaged wires
Receptacle leakage
Worn electrical insulation
Wet connectors/plugs
Loose electrical connections
Shorted wires
Wires or cords in contact with vibrating metal
Overheated or stressed electrical cords or wires
These issues are fire hazards, in addition to a potential threat to people.
The above conditions contribute to what is called an "arc fault"-- an unintentional arc across a gap. An Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) is designed to detect these "unintentional arcs", yet differentiate intentional arcs, or "normal arcs", such as in motors. The "arc" in arc welding is an intentional arc, but gives an indication of the potential danger with arc faults.
The NEC now requires, by the wording, that essentially all receptacles in a dwelling be protected by AFCI's, that are not required to be protected by GFCI's. (new construction, in wall receptacles, with no retrofit requirements.) AFCI's can be piggy backed on GFCI's. For instance an AFCI breaker, and a GFCI outlet, or a combination AFCI/GFCI receptacle.
So now we have two devices to work with, yet neither will protect against a line to neutral contact through a person, when messing with a wad of cords plugged into a power strip, or contacting the output side of a ballast.
So what is the best safety device? YOU, along with common sense.
Dedicated circuits are the best way to run aquariums. AFCI/GFCI protection is warranted, but understand the limitations. Redundancy is a good idea (nuisance tripping of GFCI's.) Do nut run a continuous load the exceeds 80% of the branch circuit rating.
If you gotta have every piece of equipment, ever made for aquariums, plugged in all at once, and use power strips, mount the powerstrip securely to an immovable object, isolated from potential contact with water. Do not exceed the current rating of the powerstrip. Run the cords in a orderly proficient military manner (oxymoron?), so that you know exactly which cord goes where, at any point between the power source, and the load. Label the plug ends of the cord. Make sure you can unplug the correct plug the first time, using only one hand. (The other one stuffed in your pocket so you know where it is)
Do not work on your lights, unless they are disconnected from the power source. (not even to change out a lamp)
:beer:
Jim