Hi !!!
I'm new to this and I just started the cycling process .my tank is 10 gallon and I'm not using a skimmer either wave maker ,just a hang on filter.
You need a heater for stability. So long as the Hang on back (HOB) filter agitates the surface water enough it will keep it aerated. This is how freshwater tanks work after all.
HOWEVER, a small wavemaker would be good for the fish, and good to blow over your rocks to provide flow. Oceans are not static, and we are trying to mimic a slice of the ocean.
I've read that there is a cycling process with some sort of fish ,exactly the percula clownfish ,the ones I want ,is it really safe to put them in this moment or just wait til the process ends?
The cycling process was done for years with fish. Many say to no ill effect. However, the current and in my opinion correct consensus is not to do it. Cycle with an empty tank, just ghost feed a little food (sprinkle some flakes in, a piece of uncooked shrimp, etc) and leave it alone. It'll decay and start the process, and bacteria will grow. This can take 1 month, or 3. You will know its done when you are using your test kits and detecting nitrates (but zero ammonia and zero nitrite). There are MANY stickies and threads on this forum about the cycling process: Look here. http://www.reefcentral.com/forums/showthread.php?t=1031074
Another question is ,is light and a filter enough for my nano reef
No. You need a heater. Even if your room temperature is /mostly/ going to be okay, it will keep it more stable by preventing temperature swings down at night. Unless you live somewhere so hot you need to invest in a cooler. The kind of light you have is important. If you want a reef tank with corals? You need the right kind of light.
is the protein skimmer really esencial?
No, not at all. Especially not in a 10 gallon tank. You can get by just fine doing 2.5 gallon water changes. In a tank as small as yours is, the best solution is dilution. A skimmer helps to control nitrates... You can accomplish that with a single 50% water change.
Or the wave maker?
See my above comment under filter. You should have one in my opinion, even just a small koralio nano. When I had my QT tank up and running I had one in it, and the fish danced around in the flow of it.
Cause I'm really worried about the stability of my tank !
You should be! The downside of a small tank is it can be prone for swings very fast. If you are not keeping coral, and just fish, this is easily manageable by keeping enough water for a change on hand.
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