let the insanity begin

you could do a setup in the tanks simular to what they place in the ground when doing vertical loop Geothermal setups.

you could makke them as tall/long as the sump will allow them to fit and plave many in a reletively small area and since we are using water/refirgerant to move the heat and you will have a larger temp differental between the two.
 
Most of my original cooling/ heating plan came from Atlas. I told them I needed to maintain ~85-86 in the greenhouse year round. They recommended a 100,000 BTU furnace so I bought a 150,000. They recommended two HAF fans and the exhaust fan, so I bought four HAF fans. As an added measure of insurance, I planned the DIY evap pads myself. As an extra measure of increasing the evap capacity of the pads, I started thinking about the salt or other desiccants. Not trying to make any points here, just want to lay out some foundation for the archives and other people as a getting started point.

Man, some of this stuff seems a little backwards to me. I thought an evap pad is supposed to cool the air coming into the GH. If the water in the trough cools down because it gives up it's heat to the air, how does that lower temps inside the greenhouse? Or am I just missing the boat entirely?

I really don't get the concept of removing water from air making the air warm up either. I was almost there because I started thinking that if adding moisture to air makes air cool down (like with an evap pad), then the opposite (removing moisture from air makes air heat up) must be true too. But H2OENG, you say the air actually warms as moisture evaporates into it? And cseeton says the air warms up when moisture is removed? Surely I must be missing something somewhere or you guys are talking about two different ideas???

The psychrometric chart must provide allot of info to someone with the knowledge to interpret it. To me it just looks like a plate of spaghetti. OK, now I'm hungry. :)

tschopp- now there are some concrete numbers I can understand. :) Evaporate X amount of water per day to achieve a certain temp.
Actually, I was counting on getting a contribution from both evap off of the tanks (especially with the four HAF fans and/or big exhaust fan running) plus from evap cooling of the air coming into the greenhouse. I thought the salt would work better than everyone else thinks it will and allow more potential evaporation from the tanks. Oh well, better to get all of this stuff figured out now than try to do an "emergency" cooling brigade this summer.

matt- Actually, there is a natural pond about 1/2 mile away from my house. Could you imagine the size of the pumps required to get water there and back?

scubadude- dripping kalk was/is my plan. It's what I use on my private aquarium so I'm familiar with it. I also use hydrated lime. Cheap, supplements calcium and alkalinity, and keeps pH up. I have been reading and thinking about the slurry method of adding kalk as well. Then just using buffered water for top offs.

OK, so how about using rice as a desiccant? Sorry, I just couldn't help it. ;D

What about using the kitchen scrubber pads (cut smaller- say 2' x 2' or 18" x 18") standing up vertically above the tank and perpendicular to the airflow created by the HAF fans, have the tank water pumped up to trickle down the pads? Or a little muffin fan for each pad/ tank.

hammerhead- from one layman to another, It sounds like it would work as well as anything being discussed. The extra expense would be a consideration for this project. If i can basically do the same thing with the swimming pool, that saves me money.

The swimming pool also has a deck so there would be some shade to place a big exchanger.

Lego- to my brain, that sounds like an extraordinary idea. Little (or big) submersible chiller units. Wonder how much electricity they would gobble up compared to a pump or two?
 
Mmmmm. spaghetti...

Nope. Same ideas but watch because the heat flows it can be confusing at times.

From H2OENG:
You asked if the trough water would heat up and dry out..
Actually it will cool down. This is the basis of cooling tower operation. The water gives up its heat to the air as it evaporates. On a cooling tower, the water passes over the media, and some water evaporates. This cools the water, but also increases TDS (only the water evaporates, not the dissolved stuff in it). So you will need to add a float valve to the trough for water makeup to replace whats evaporated. You will also need to put in a blowdown valve to get rid of the super high TDS water before it crusts up your media, pump and plumbing. (Keep it below 1500 TDS)

When you remove moisture from the air (without an AC unit, that is) the air heats up, and when you add moisture it cools down (in our case anyway...). Find the diagonal lines on the spaghetti chart that have the wetbulb label. This lines are very nearly constant enthalpy meaning to get off of them we have to do work or add/remove heat. Now lets look at the 85 wetbulb line labelled in the chart and highlight it. Every combination above that diagonal line is bad, we will have to impliment some other type of cooling to keep the corals happy. Everything below that line is good, meaning that we can use dessicants and/or evaporative cooling to get what we need. Now pick a summertime condition of 95F (vertical lines) and 70% humidity (curved lines, you will find the labels around 64F - just follow the line up), you see that this condition lies just above the 85 line we outlined? So, that means there is no amount of evaporative cooilng we can do to acheive 85F in the tanks.

I met tschopp this morning. Perhaps I need to go to one of the CIMA meetings. I am realtivly new to the area (only 4 years) and just found this part of refcentral a couple of months ago...

Well, you did it to me - it's time to find dinner.
 
OK. So the water in the trough cools off and the air coming into the greenhouse cools down because it passes through the pad with the cooler water in it?

I printed out the chart- much easier to read without having to scroll around and squint- and with your explanation, it makes sense!! :D

Just to clarify and make sure- if the temp, at it's worse is 110, the most humidity that can be in the air would be around 35% IF I want evap to keep a temp around 85. Any more humidity than that would require something more than the evap- like the pool as a heat sink, a geo loop, radiator, chiller or whatever.

Now it starts to make sense why the salt thing wont be very effective. The air coming into the greenhouse warms up as it dries with the desiccants then tries to cool as it passes through the pads and the temp is basically back where it started.

Am I getting close now.

tschopp- I'm thankful you started me thinking more about the cooling plan way back about four pages ago.

I am thankful to all who are helping out here. Hopefully some future (and present) aquarists will benefit from all of this discussion, I know I am.
 
Wow, I took a look at that psycho chart.:eek1:

And my boss accuses me of putting too much info in a single chart!! Next time he says that I am going to show him that chart, Hehe.

Rick, do you already have a swimming pool or was that just a sugjestion that you put one in to cool the fish?

If you have a pool is it above ground or below and do you know the size? You also wouldn't happen to know how hot the pool got last summer?

Off the top of my head I would think a pool 2-3x the capacity of your fish system with a sun shade over it would work. It might also work without the shade, but I would worry about the water getting too hot. But I am really a physics guy and this is what mechanical guys do, I just work in their building. So I would trust their semi-educated mechanical guess to my semi-educated physics guess.

If we assume the pool will get to 80 and you want a max temp of 85 in your tank and we make a decent guess about heat flow into the tanks we could design a heat exchanger that would work. I would think about taking water from the pool to the green house and running it through polyethylene tubing (the stuff for RO systems) coiled in the tanks. The design work would tell you how much tubing you need and how much water you need to pump.

I think the pool is in addition to a pretty decent ventalation plan for the greenhouse.
 
Having previously worked at a pool and having had one at home, I know in the sun, it will get much warmer that 80. During the summer in the sun it could easily attain 90 or 95 degrees. With the shade however, 80 should be attainable.
 
tschopp- I already have a pool (I think there is a partial picture of it in one of the first three pics of this thread where the trees are being cut down). It is above ground. It is 24' round by 4' deep. ~~13,500 gallons. I have never seen the water in my pool get above 80. I really don't want a max of 85 in the tanks. The reference I gave to Atlas about keeping it 85-86 year round was for the air temp in the greenhouse. I was thinking that would give me tank water temps around 78-80 (but that wasn't accounting for solar gain or evap cooling from the tanks either).

seldon- Even when there were 3 or 4 days in a row of 100 degree heat, my pool thermometer never read above 80??? In the summer months, there is no shade on the pool at all. Maybe it gives up as much heat as it gains??
 
rick rottet said:
Lego- to my brain, that sounds like an extraordinary idea. Little (or big) submersible chiller units. Wonder how much electricity they would gobble up compared to a pump or two?
Depends on the size and the efficency of the unit, I assume elec would not be a large concern as it should be a setup for emergency only, you should be able to use the big tub in the ground alone as a heatsink in most cases and along with the evap cooling should be able to control temps fairly well I would think...

I.E. only kick the a/c on if water temp rises above x degrees.

You could also supplement the tub cooling with a geotherm loop that the pump kicks off when the AC kicks on. just a thought.
 
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The pool I worked at was a 120,000 gallon in ground pool, so that may have had somthing to do with it also.


"I.E. only kick the a/c on if water temp rises above x degrees."

do you have ac in the green house or did I miss somthing?
 
rick rottet said:
I was thinking that would give me tank water temps around 78-80 (but that wasn't accounting for solar gain or evap cooling from the tanks either).

seldon- Even when there were 3 or 4 days in a row of 100 degree heat, my pool thermometer never read above 80??? In the summer months, there is no shade on the pool at all. Maybe it gives up as much heat as it gains??

ok, so you have a base temp in the pool of 78? 79? and you have a base temp of water in the greenhouse of a similar number.

worse case ~
the point here is to cool the green house water. so lets say the green house water temp gets up to 85(is that acceptable?) you are now heating the water in your loop system to 85(lets assume 100% transfer). you then run this heated water through your pool. you have now heated the pool up to 85(again 100% transfer) and it is 100 degrees outside. there is no chance that the pool will radiate any 85 degree heat at that temperature. come night and the temp drops, then the pool temp should drop as well...

however, the most important thing that you have to determine, before you do any calculations, is what is the maximum temperature i am willing to let my tanks sit at for a week.

once you determine the max acceptable, then you can start to work out solutions.
 
No AC in the greenhouse. He was referring to the submersible chiller made from an AC unit submerged in a buried vat.

AC would be way too expensive and then none of us would need to worry about any of this other mechanical cooling stuff.
 
how about just buying the compressor for the ac unit, it would be a lot cheaper and than you could make it into a chiller. Its just like the window unit one, but should be more efficient and have a larger cooling capacity and be able to sit outside and look decent.
Seldon
 
You could do that the AC units I am talking about are 120 or less and are high efficiency model.
I don't know how much it would cost to build a chiller unit DIY which is why I did not suggest it, I also don't know what metals would be safe to use if that cooling loop is placed in the water for the tanks.

If it is any help I have some pieces of a cars AC System. you would need an elec motor to turn the compressor and something setup on the evap side to work for chilling the water (maybe a simple coil of tubing? I don't know what it would need to be coated with to make it safe to just drop in the common sump though from a metal standpoint. I know people who can powdercoat things so if we can just use a coil of tubing I can have him powercoat it to keep the water from contacting the metal tubing of the coil, but do not know if the coating will leach things into the water.
I have some lines a compressor and and evaporator, I will have to look to see if I have the expansion tank/vavles and stuff. I don't know excactly how to build the system which is why I suggested reverse engineering the complete window ac unit.
 
The size of the AC system that is needed will be larger than 60,000+ Btu/hr (5 ton) - about the size of a medium/large sized house air system or large car. You can forget using a window unit on this greenhouse.

As far as using automotive parts, we build car AC components based on size (will it fit under the dash?) and if it happens to be somewhat efficient then all the better. Automotive parts do not even approach liquid-refrigerant coils (chiller) or residential heat exchangers it terms of effectiveness.

There is a place across the border in IN that sells surplus and used AC equipment. If Rick deems it important at a later time...
 
You would need a 60,000+ BTU to cool under 10,000 gallons of
water to 80 degrees? It seems pretty high but I don't have the background to say with any certainty...
you do know that I am not talking about cooling the air in the greenhouse I am talking about cooling the water right?

Not trying to start a fight here or insult you or anything.
I don't always get my ideas across to people clearly so that is why I am asking...
 
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There is some good info... I hopeââ"šÂ¬Ã‚¦

This is a link to gergt's DIY chiller pageââ"šÂ¬Ã‚¦
http://saltyzoo.com/PhotoAlbum/page.php?urlStr=/saltyzoo/frag-tanks/equipment/chiller

I think if we can figure out how to submerge the hot side of a window AC unit in a bath of ground loop or pool water (heat sink) and use an efficient heat exchanger on the cold side we would have any heat issues handled with a relatively low build/running cost. This system would not be reliant on the wetbulb temp. or a large delta T from a ground loop.

Efficient heat exchanger = http://www.sw-wilson.com/prod04.htm

Also +1000gal. Bodies of water do not change temps. Very fast at allââ"šÂ¬Ã‚¦ so a one or even two-day spike in heat and humidity will not spike your tank temps. Too much. But if you get into a week more with the wetbulb above 85F your going to be in trouble with out something other then evap. Cooling in place. How likely this is in your area I donââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢t know but if you do a search of the weather records Iââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢m sure you can find out.



Ok Iââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢ve added my .02 Iââ"šÂ¬Ã¢"žÂ¢ll go back to lurking on this great thread.

-J
 
rick rottet said:
OK. So the water in the trough cools off and the air coming into the greenhouse cools down because it passes through the pad with the cooler water in it?
ok, the reason evap cooling works is that water needs energy to change from a liquid to a gas (read heat), the air flowing acrossed the wet pad exposes the water to the heat in the air which it absorbs and uses this energy to change from a liquid to a gas. To remain a gas the water vapor must hold the heat if it gives it up for any reason it will condense and turn back into water.
The reason the temp drops in the trough is the same as stated above it is experiencing.

Does that make sense? And if I am wrong someone smack me around and correct me :)
 
As it turns out, cooling the greenhouse and cooling the water is the same thing, but that is cooling require to cool just the water. The heat coming into the greenhouse via sunload and high ambient temperature has to go somewhere...

Don't hold me to that exact 5 ton number, it could be a little higher or lower.

With water having such a high heat capacity, cooling the air is not a significant load.

WAGERJA - The full 5 ton unit for $5k isn't terrible. Figure that running it is 6.5kW * 8 hours per day = 52kWhr/day or at 8cents a kW-hr comes out to be $4.16 per day or about twice what some people run their MH lights at... AND, this is just a peaking unit, not fulltime like lights.
 
I checked the ASRHAE handbook for design of cooling towers and it indicates that July has the highest design wetbulb of about 80F. Unfortunately, cooling towers are generally tied to AC systems so they can experience brief excursions above the desigh point. But, if the tanks are able to operate at around 82F in the summer with brief excursions to 85F. Everything "should" work just fine with evaporative cooling. The good news is you will have this summer to "shake out" the system.

I feel that I may have hijacked the thread, so I am going back to lurking mode. How is that live rock doing? Skimmers working well for you?

Chris
 
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