No matter how many tanks the water runs through, at the end of the day it still has to go somewhere else.
Say you do a water change in your reef tank, and put the waste water into an algae tank. That works once, but what about the next water change on the reef tank? If you never pull any water out of the macroalgae tank, and continue adding saltwater, it will eventually reach a salt concentration that no macroalgae can tolerate. If you pull some saltwater out of the macro tank to make room for waste saltwater from the reef tank, then you still have to get rid of the macro tank waste water.
I agree with MandM and Jennifish120. Especially in a coastal area, it's important that the wastewater treatment plant at the end of your drain will sterilize the water before discharging it. Inland, there may be fewer worries about invasive macroalgae like caulerpa, but the saltwater will be greatly diluted by the rest of the water coming into the plant. By the time the discharge water reaches its destination, the TDS will be far below saltwater levels.
Also, don't forget that wastewater treatment plants are quite natural. The actual treatment is almost always carried out by bacteria, just like in nature. Residual chlorine is less natural, but many plants are now swiching to ultraviolet (UV) disinfection.