Maybe the way to go is a horse trough like brute- but since they always seem to be black perhaps painted white to keep heat absorption down. I always forget about the horse troughs.
I think it'd be neat to have water planters built into a patio or deck. It'd be a nice conversation piece when guests come over for a bbq, etc.- "what's that? Oh I grow the ocean in there." I like the idea of using the sun to aquaculture and architect in me also says "outdoor frag tank = awesome design challenge" and "outdoor frag tank = beautiful design aesthetic"
One could always go a bit overkill and use concrete / concrete blocks as well, which may provide some thermal mass to keep temp swings a little more stable. It would also be more robust to deal with the elements. I could do one pour to make it solid concrete with ports for bulkheads, sealed & painted white and even use one piece of acrylic for a side viewing window. Yeesss... *strokes chin with contemplative intrigue*
This whole idea swings on living somewhere warmish. Perhaps in TX it might be conceivable to use it year round or nearly year round, bc yea, I don't know what I'd necessarily do with frags if I had to pull them out yearly. Sell/swap em?