What is here usually incorrectly referred to as "flukes" are actually Monoganeans, which currently include at least 4 branches of flatworms. There are many genera with thousands of species.
Some are strictly freshwater, some only live in saltwater and some are able to take tolerate a wide range of salinities.
Some are sensitive to Praziquantel while others are totally unaffected.
The "skin flukes" we encounter belong to the Capsalidae branch of the Monogeneans. Most of them are strictly saltwater species and can usually be killed off with hyposalinity.
Praziquantel should also work against most of them.
Copper is another thing most don't tolerate well.
"Gill flukes" belong to the other Monogenean branches. These guys can be much tougher. Some are strictly freshwater and others strictly saltwater, but quite a few tolerate wide salinity ranges.
Some of them are totally unaffected by Praziquantel and even copper. Those super bugs might only be killed by Trichlorfon (Dylox).
Others may even be immune to Trichlorfon, but not necessarily to hyposalinity, Praziquantel or copper.
So when it comes to "skin and gill flukes" there is no silver bullet that kills all. You need to try what works or properly identify them to pick the most effective treatment.
Praziquantel and hyposalinity are good first measures, but by no means a guarantee that you got them.
To make matters worse, fish can actually acquire some level of immunity against all of these and carry them without being symptomatic.
BTW, the real flukes are a totally different group of flatworms and strictly intestinal parasites. Praziquantel is usually effective against these
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