I am not using an ATO from the RO system. I am using a 55 Gallon Drum that I fill and then turn off the RO system until that drum is empty - and I am flushing the permeate to the drain until the TDS drops down to ~7 PPM. I can visibly see the mixed bed resin color changing as I make 55 gallons - I use about half a cartridge making a single barrel.
I have since, as per my last update, switched to cation, anion, and then mixed.