The only thing I can think of to kill corals like that is metals. Twice I lost all of my corals to metal poisoning when my town used zinc orthophosphate in the water to control corrosion in the pipes. It happened to me 2 or 3 years ago.
But it did not kill the fish right away. The corals and clams just melted in a few hours, when I changed the water, it got worse because my new water was also contaminated. My resins became exhausted right away and for some reason, my RO did not remove all of the zinc.
That is the only thing I could think of.
I called my water company and they confirmed ths
at they used zinc just before I lost my corals, some of which I had for 12 years when it happened the first time.
I don't think your sand would be the problem now as it has been in the tank for 20 years, why now?