It
sounds like your pump is too much for the overflow wall/teeth, but you'd be the best person to judge that.
What I'm thinking is if the tank is about to overflow, but there's still room in the overflow box area, then the water cannot pass over/thru the top of your overflow wall fast enough. Where if the problem was the drain couldn't keep up, then the overflow box area would be full, (at the same level as the tank water) and would be overflowing along with the rest of the tank. Know what I mean here?
Some modify (widen, lower, or raise) the teeth on their overflows to increase the flowrate at this bottleneck.
Like was mentioned, it wouldn't hurt to increase the drain pipe size that's below the tank, but that doesn't appear to be the issue here, IMO. It may become one, tho, after making the overflow wall handle more flow.
You should be able to get this working properly, stare at the setup and think about it, cause and effect, blah-blah and you'll probably come up with the solution

I consider the change on my tank, no noise-increased flow-lack of bubbles, just plain amazing, and has made my setup far more satisfying to me.