So in a reef a few types of filtration are generally 'used':
"Bio" Filtration - this breaks down Ammonia into Nitrate eventually. Typically large surface area of rock work provides plenty of surface area for this.
----> Sub area are things like Bio Pellets, ATS, Fuges and other things designed to either take up nutrients and export them or feed bacteria to force things along.
Mechanical Filtration - Filter socks, Skimmers, canisters, Pads etc. A big cartridge filter for a pool would, I think, all in this category. These take any particulates out of the water that pass through them. I'd be concerned about growing a "Bio" base inside the cartridge and then ripping it out (lowering your tank's ability to handle ammonia) and putting a fresh one in. With a huge system and enough rock it's likely not an issue.
I've never seen one used but that doesn't mean someone isn't having success with it. A lot of the sand filters you see are likely "remote DSBs" where they push water over the top of a deep sand bed to take up nitrates.