electrical power is wattage... watts are a function of voltage and current
Say a device requires 30 watts to work... at 24v it would have 1.25amps flowing through it to produce 30 watts... at 12v it would now have 2.5 amps for 30 watts of power... and by the time you reduce down to 6v you're now looking at 5 amps
bear in mind... as I said previously I still don't have one of these, and see lots of confusion... so we'll get into how the electrical load of the pump setup would work...
we're going to stick with 30w, it's a nice number and I like it. (actual wattage will vary with speed I'm sure, but I can't verify anything)
24v max speed is as said previously, 1.25amps to make it work
If you maintain 24v and run a 50% duty cycle, your peak amperage stays the same but average current would drop down to .75 amps
Now if you go with 12v for 50% speed and keep it at max constantly on that your amperage is now the 2.5 amps constantly. You can see the difference in current pretty easily right away... .75amp average vs. 2.5amp draw
Trying to drop to 30% speed with pwm vs. voltage is another big hike... .375 amp average on the 24v pwm circuit vs. 4.16 amps on the 7 volt circuit...
Wire, pcb traces, coils, they are all designed around given numbers... Your traces have to be far enough apart so that you can't short between at a given voltage.. and wire insulation must be sufficient for that (these numbers decrease at lower voltages, meaning less insulation and less space... so should never be a problem)
gauge of wire, and width of a pcb trace, as well as the gauge of wire used on the stator of the motor, all must increase in order to carry more current. Otherwise it gets too hot and burns up, or over time breaks down the insulation of the stator and shorts it.
This is the basics of how it works, and why some people have expressed genuine concern with lowering voltage, and it's a valid point. There is ALWAYS an acceptable range, and I don't know exactly what their control is doing or what... that's up to some of the guys that have one to figure it out. As far as I know at this point, that control could be regulating down to 5v anyways and just passing through the supply voltage, which would mean the control is safe but the pump may not be. There could be circuitry in the pump to protect from too much current as well too.
With the unknowns of the project, I personally would just nix their control and build my own 24v pwm circuit to run the pump. That way in my head there would be no question whatsoever as to what the pump was doing or if I was causing any damage to it :thumbsup: